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Samenvatting Heelkundige patho les 7
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Heelkundige pathologie les 7
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Voedings-en dieetleer: Voedingbij obesitas & nefrologische
aandoeningen
Voeding bij obesitas
½ Belgen lijdt aan overgewicht.
1. Diagnose
Body Mass Index (BMI)
BMI = lichaamsgewicht (kg)
lengte² (m²)
Opmerking: meet niet direct het lichaamsvet
BMI Classificatie Gezondheidsrisico
< 18,5 Ondergewicht Te mager
Stijging risico op andere
klinische problemen
18,5 – 24,9 Normaal
25 – 29,9 Overgewicht Verhoogd risico
>30 Obesitas
30 – 34,9 Klasse 1 Hoog risico
35 – 39,9 Klasse 2 Zeer hoog risico
>40 Klasse 3 Extreem hoog risico
BMI beperking: geen onderscheid spiermassa >< vetmassa
Lichaamsvetverdeling:
Geen Verhoogd Sterk verhoogd
gezondheidsrisico gezondheidsrisico gezondheidsrisico
Mannen < 94 cm 94 – 102 cm >102 cm
Vrouwen < 80 cm 80 – 88 cm >88 cm
, 2. Oorzaken
Directe oorzaak:
Energie – inname > energie – verbruik
- Dagelijkse energie-inname wordt vaak onderschat
- Dagelijks kleine extra’s extra kg per jaar
o Voorbeeld: 100 kcal meer zonder extra beweging ongeveer +5 kg / jaar
Indirecte lichamelijke oorzaak:
- Erfelijkheid
o Niet alleen genen maar ook eet – en leefstijl
- Niet goed functionerende schildkier
- Medicatie: antidepressiva en corticosteroïden
- Stoppen met roken
Indirecte oorzaken:
Psychologisch
- 3 soorten eetgedrag
o Emotioneel eten
o Extern eten
o Lijngericht eten
Sociaal
- Eetgewoonten thuis
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