Summary
Summary Urbanisation- International A-Level Geography notes
- Course
- Institution
International A-Level Geography notes including AS-Level
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
stellaliu
Content preview
A- level Urban,
,Urbanisation- the increasing proportion of people that live in towns and cities
Urban sprawl-Spread of an urban area, usually characterised by low density housing
Megacity- A population of over 10 million people
Urban growth- The rate at which the population of an urban area increases
Slums- Highly congested urban areas are marked by deteriorated, unsanitary buildings, poverty, and
social disorganisation. Can be housing which was formerly good quality.
Squatters- Settle on land, especially public or unoccupied land, without rights.
Shantytowns- Made with informal building materials.
*Slums and shantytowns refer to the environmental aspects of the area where a community resides,
while squatters refer to the legality of the land ownership and other infrastructure provision.
, Housing affordability
The imbalance between housing demand and supply in some cities has led to affordability issues and
other problems (income deprivation, homelessness, overcrowding)
Where the demandfor housing exceedsthe supply, house prices tend to be high
Factors that affect affordability:
- Petrol costs- transport
- Cost of doing business
- Housing areas/ space - rent
- Reliance on imports (food and resources)
- Development levels of a country
Index of Multiple Deprivation:
A UK gov statistical study of deprived areas in UK local authorities.
- Measures poverty and deprivation across seven different dimensions or domains
- Poverty- lack of financial resources to obtain the types of diet, participate in the activities and
have the living conditions and amenities which are customary or at least widely encouraged or
approved in the society to which we belong
- Deprivation- lack of resources of all kinds, not just financial, wide range of individuals living
conditions
Affordable Housing- Accounts for 30% or less of a household’s income
Housing overcrowding- If less than one room is available in each household
- couple
- single person 18+
- people of the same gender 12-17
- single person 12-17
- pair of children below 12
Factors affecting affordability within a city:
- closer to centre, more in local authority due to high cost of housing
- Further away from the centre, more affordable (earning and housing price is similar)
- Deprivation is high in inner city
- Kensington and Chelsea has the highest cost of housing and the highest ratio of homelessness
Causes of housing inequality:
- Income inequality
- Lack of social welfare
- Lack of housing developments.
How is income deprivation exacerbated by the housing situation in Hong Kong:
By having limited housing and space. Housing is seen as a commodity- investments drive-up price.
The gov controls how they use the space for housing development only 4% of the land is allowed to
be densely populated
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller stellaliu. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
52510 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now