Summary for Environmental Ethics and Sustainable Development
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Course
Environmental ethics and Sustainable Development
Institution
Universiteit Utrecht (UU)
Book
Ecological Ethics
This is a summary for the course Environmental Ethics and Sustainable Development given by Floris van den Berg at Utrecht University. It is part of the Master programma Environmental sciences and can also be followed by students with a different background. The course aims to give you the ability t...
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Exam questions Environmental ethics and Sustainable Development
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Environmental Sciences
Environmental ethics and Sustainable Development
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ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS AND
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
GEO4-2323
UNIVERSITEIT UTRECHT
, Introduction Environmental ethics
Ecomodernism = believe there is no real environmental problem; popular among right-wing politicians.
Objectivity – Partiality (bias)
is (descriptive) – ought (normative/prescriptive)
o Objective, but not impartial. Good to be biased sometimes
Philosophy on science reflects on objectivity and ethics reflects on partiality
Important to make ethics explicit
o Problems with journalism: balanced view doesn’t work if unbalanced sides get equal attention ->
confuses the audience
Is/ought distinction & Arguments against moral relativism
1987: sustainability gets linked with development -> of human potential
o Worldwide platform to discuss sustainability issues
1992: environmental conference in Rio
o Bill McKibben; end of nature -> classic (1989)
o Math of global warming (2013)
Conferences will not result in sustainable development. There is NO susd
Equation of stupid: C > I
o C= carrying capacity & I = impact of humans on carrying capacity
o = population – footprint / technology
1972: Club of Rome report: the limits of growth
Since 1850 exponential growth (population, emissions)
Club of Rome:
Average footprint is rising because of development in poorer countries
o Avg footprint Dutch citizen: 3.7 planets
Technofix: technology will save everything
Callicott Desperate optimism
o Still strive for the best
J. Diamond Collapse
George Monbiot Heat
Marc Lyras Six degrees
Christmas tree of knowledge structure + motive
Ecological theory = arguments for being good
o Rational answer to why something is good or bad
Artificial language: everyone on the same level + easy to learn (Esperanto)
o Moral Esperanto = to reach consensus, speak in a way everyone understands
o Rational + secular arguments no reference to religion
Never consensus when religion is involved
First ethical Theory
Two types of ethical theories
o Autonomous; giving rational arguments
o Heteronomous; pointing to someone else
Religious: divine command theory, secular
o Real life most people are heteronomous
WHAT KIND OF ETHICAL DOES CURRY HAVE?
Stewardship: God gave the planet to humanity and we should take care of it
Dominion: God has put humans on the Earth to dominate the Earth
Consequentialism
o Consequences of this action are better than the alternative
o Most famous one: Utilitarianism
Pleasure is good, pain is bad
How to remove this?
Hedonistic calculus; Jeremy Bentham
Peter Singer: trying to solve minorities getting in trouble
Overview normative ethical theories & Expanding moral circle
Deontology Deon = duty By Kant
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