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Medische Psychologie - Samenvatting Slides Colleges
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Samenvatting van slides colleges van prof. Portzsky.
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Medischepsychologie
[Datum]
Samenvatting
Master of Science in de Verpleeg- en Vroedkunde
SCHAKELPROGRAMMA
,Inhoudsopgave
Inleiding: situering medische psychologie................................................................................5
Wat is psychologie?.................................................................................................................5
Verschil psychologie/psychiatrie..............................................................................................5
Bijdrage van de medische psychologie.....................................................................................5
Ziekte als stressor....................................................................................................................6
Stress als reactie op ziekte...................................................................................................6
Goede stress........................................................................................................................6
Slechte stress.......................................................................................................................7
Welke factoren kunnen stress reduceren bij pt?..................................................................7
Beginselen cognitieve psychologie...........................................................................................8
Inleiding...................................................................................................................................8
Belangrijke termen en concepten.............................................................................................9
Cognities..............................................................................................................................9
Informatieverwerking..........................................................................................................9
Schema’s..............................................................................................................................9
Systematische vertekeningen.............................................................................................11
Cognitieve therapie................................................................................................................11
Voorbeeld cognitieve benadering......................................................................................11
Cognitieve benadering van depressie....................................................................................12
Belang van cognities/mentale processen bij ziekte/ptn.........................................................12
Voorbeelden..........................................................................................................................13
Conclusie...............................................................................................................................13
Inleiding.................................................................................................................................14
Leertheorie............................................................................................................................14
Belang van leerprocessen bij ziekte/patiënten:......................................................................14
Leerparadigma’s....................................................................................................................15
Niet- contingente prikkelaanbieding......................................................................................15
Sensitisatie.........................................................................................................................15
Habituatie..........................................................................................................................15
Klassieke conditionering.........................................................................................................16
Principes KC:......................................................................................................................16
Enkele opmerkingen..........................................................................................................17
Behandelingen gebaseerd op KC........................................................................................17
Operante conditionering........................................................................................................17
Mogelijke consequenties/bekrachtigers............................................................................18
Principes OC.......................................................................................................................19
OC binnen de gezondheidszorg..........................................................................................19
Modeling................................................................................................................................19
1.Inleiding..............................................................................................................................20
2.Belangrijke begrippen.........................................................................................................20
3.Benaderingen van persoonlijkheid......................................................................................20
Hippocrates............................................................................................................................20
, Sheldon..................................................................................................................................21
Typologiebenadering.............................................................................................................21
Psychobiologisch persoonlijkheidsmodel – Cloninger 1994....................................................21
Ontwikkelingen persoonlijkheid gebaseerd op Cloninger......................................................22
Temperament.........................................................................................................................22
Novelty seeking..................................................................................................................23
Harm avoidance.................................................................................................................23
Reward dependence..........................................................................................................23
Persistence.........................................................................................................................23
Karakter.................................................................................................................................23
Self -directedness...............................................................................................................23
Cooperativeness................................................................................................................23
Self-transcendence............................................................................................................24
Persoonlijkheidsverschillen in reactie op ziekte/behandeling................................................25
Perceptie van klachten...........................................................................................................25
Reactie op klachten................................................................................................................25
Specificiteit van de ziekte.......................................................................................................25
Omgaan met ziekte................................................................................................................26
Houding tav bahandeling.......................................................................................................26
Persoonlijkheidsstoornis:.......................................................................................................26
Ontwikkeling persoonlijkheidsstoornissen.............................................................................27
Basisbehoeften..................................................................................................................27
Schema’s............................................................................................................................27
Vroeg onaangepaste schema’s VOS...................................................................................27
Soorten persoonlijkheidsstoornissen......................................................................................28
Omgaan met lastige patiënten..............................................................................................28
Tips en adviezen.................................................................................................................28
Belang van persoonlijkheid bij ziekte/patiënten................................................................29
Rationele...............................................................................................................................30
Normaal verdriet/sombere stemming/rouw..........................................................................30
Aanpassingsstoornis..............................................................................................................31
DSM-IV-TR criteria:................................................................................................................31
Subtypes................................................................................................................................31
Depressieve episode..............................................................................................................32
DSM-criteria...........................................................................................................................32
Klinische symptomen van depressie.......................................................................................32
Somatische aandoeningen gelinkt aan depressie..................................................................33
Biopsychosociaal verklaringsmodel.......................................................................................33
Denkfouten bij depressie........................................................................................................34
Differentiaaldiagnose: normale rouwverwerking vs depressie..............................................34
Behandeling depressie...........................................................................................................34
Suicide...................................................................................................................................34
Suicidaal proces:....................................................................................................................35
Onderzoek:.............................................................................................................................35
Oorzaken en risicofactoren....................................................................................................37
Hulpverlening.........................................................................................................................37
, Risicobepaling....................................................................................................................37
Behandeling.......................................................................................................................38
Opname – Toezicht!...........................................................................................................38
Ontslagbegeleiding............................................................................................................39
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