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ÁLGEBRA

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Álgebra: Expresiones algebraicas. Ecuaciones lineales sencillas. Resolución de problemas algebraicos.

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  • November 15, 2023
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  • 2023/2024
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**Álgebra:**

El álgebra es una rama de las matemáticas que utiliza símbolos y letras para
representar números y cantidades en fórmulas y ecuaciones.

**Expresiones algebraicas:**

- **Definición:**
- Una expresión algebraica es una combinación de números, letras y operaciones
matemáticas.
- Ejemplo: \(2x + 3\), donde \(x\) es la variable.

- **Términos:**
- Los componentes individuales de una expresión algebraica se llaman términos.
- En \(2x + 3\), \(2x\) y \(3\) son términos.

- **Coeficientes y exponentes:**
- En \(2x\), \(2\) es el coeficiente y \(x\) tiene un exponente implícito de \(1\).

**Ecuaciones lineales sencillas:**

- **Definición:**
- Una ecuación lineal es una igualdad que involucra una variable de primer grado.
- Ejemplo: \(3x - 5 = 7\).

- **Resolución paso a paso:**
1. **Simplificación:** Combine términos semejantes en ambos lados de la ecuación.
\[3x - 5 = 7 \implies 3x = 12\]
2. **Despeje de la variable:** Divida ambos lados por el coeficiente de la variable.
\[3x = 12 \implies x = 4\]

**Resolución de problemas algebraicos:**

- **Paso 1: Definir la variable:**
- Asigne una letra (generalmente \(x\)) a la cantidad desconocida.

- **Paso 2: Escribir la ecuación:**
- Traduzca la información del problema a una ecuación.
- Ejemplo: "El doble de un número menos 5 es igual a 11" se traduce a \(2x - 5 =
11\).

- **Paso 3: Resolver la ecuación:**
- Utilice los métodos de resolución de ecuaciones lineales.

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