The Roots of Quebec Nationalism - Class Notes - Social Studies 10
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Course
Institution
10th Grade
Book
Counterpoints
A brief overview of how Quebec's identity and position within Canadian politics developed between the 1960's to 70's. Starting with the Quiet Revolution and ending with the October Crisis, comprehensive class notes for study and review.
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CHAPTER 8 - THE ROOTS OF QUEBEC NATIONALIS
The Quiet Revolution
- “Quiet” refers to the non-violent nature of this revolution
1960
- Jean Lesage and the Liberals came to power after the death of Duplessis
- The election slogan was “Time for a change.”
- Stamped out corruption
- Economic, political, cultural, and educational modernization to prepare for a
twentieth-century Quebec
- Students were required to take more science and technology courses as opposed
to the religious teachings of the Roman Catholic Church
1962
- Liberals won once more with the motto “Maîtres chez nous,” (Masters in our own house)
- Strengthened Quebec’s control of its economy
- Nationalized 11 hydro companies
- Hydro-Québec
1960’s
The Birth of Separatism
- Francophone Quebeckers were unhappy and angry at the injustices of English-speaking
Canadians
- Wanted complete control
- Demonstrations, writing letters, protests
- Young radicals joined terrorist groups such as the FLQ (Front de Libération du Québec)
FLQ
- Tactics included terrorism that came in the form of bombings and intimidation
- Bombing targeted places and objects representing the English-Canadian federal
government
- Mailboxes, Canadian National Railways, Office towers
Responses to Separatists
- Appointment of the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism
- Recommended that Canada become officially bilingual
- In 1964, the Maple leaf flag replaced the British Union Jack and the Red Ensign
- Unfortunately increased tensions between French and English Canada
1967
- Quebec cabinet minister René Lévesque left the Liberal Party
- Formed Parti Québécois (PQ) in 1968
- Believed that Quebec and Canada would do better separately
1968-1969
- Pierre Trudeau succeeds Pearson
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