Summary
Summary Behaviourism
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Notes on behaviourism
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
PNR206 / PNR 206 EXAM 2 (LATEST 2024 / 2025 UPDATE) MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING II EXAM WITH NGN QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE 100%CORRECT ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED AND WELL EXPLAINED RATIONALES ALREADY GRADED A+...
-
TEST BANK FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AN INTRODUCTION 2ND EDITION BY MARC HOLZER, RICHARD SCHWESTER EXAM WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE 100% CORRECT ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED AND WELL EXPLAINED RATIONA...
-
TEST BANK FOR GLOBAL BUSINESS 5TH EDITION MIKE W. PENG 9780357716403 CHAPTER1-17 COMPLETE GUIDE EXAM WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE 100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES WELL EXPLAINED BY ...
Seller
Follow
gemshort
Content preview
The Learning Approach: BehaviourismKey terms
- The behaviourist approach: a way of explaining behaviour in terms of what is observable
and in terms of learning
- Classical conditioning: learning by association. Occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly
paired together - an unconditioned (unlearned) stimulus (UCS) and a new ‘neutral’
stimulus. The neutral stimulus eventually produces the same response that was
produced by the unlearned stimulus
- Operant conditioning: a form of learning in which behaviour is shaped and maintained by
its consequences. Possible consequences of behaviour include positive reinforcement,
negative reinforcement and punishment
- Reinforcement: a consequence of behaviour that increases the likelihood of that
behaviour being repeated. Can be positive or negative
The behaviourist approach
Assumptions
The behaviourist approach is only interested in studying behaviour that can be observed or
measured
- Early behaviourists such as John B. Watson (1913) rejected introspection as it involved
too many concepts that were vague and difficult to measure
- Behaviourists tried to maintain more control and objectivity within their research and
relied on lab experiments as the best way to achieve this
Following Darwin, behaviourists suggested that the basic processes that govern learning are the
same in all species
- In behaviourist research, animals could replace humans as experimental subjects
- Behaviourists identified two important forms of learning: classical conditioning and
operant conditioning
Classical conditioning: Pavlov’s research
Classical conditioning is learning through association and was first demonstrated by Ivan Pavlov
- Pavlov revealed that dogs could be conditioned to salivate at the sound of a bell if that
sound was repeatedly presented at the same time as they were given food
- Pavlov’s dogs learned to associate the sound with the food and would produce a
salivation response every time they heard the sound
Pavlov was able to show how a neutral stimulus (the bell) can come to elicit a new learned
response (conditioned response) through association
Operant conditioning - Skinner’s research
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller gemshort. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.54. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
77254 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now