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Samenvatting Toelatingstoets Geschiedenis PABO
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Toelatingstoets geschiedenis PABO samenvatting 1e jaar.
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Samenvatting geschiedenis -toelatingstoets PABO
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BASISKENNIS GESCHIEDENIS
Basiskennis geschiedenis
Toelatingstoets Pabo
2
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BASISKENNIS GESCHIEDENIS
Inhoudsopgave
1. Tijd van jagers en boeren (3000 v. Chr.)...................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Jager-verzamelaars.........................................................................................................................................6
1.1.1 Migraties uit Afrika.................................................................................................................................6
1.1.2 De nomadische samenleving van jager-verzamelaars...........................................................................7
1.1.3 Rendierjagers..........................................................................................................................................7
1.1.4 Jagers en vissers......................................................................................................................................7
1.2 De overgang van jagen en verzamelen naar landbouw.................................................................................8
1.2.1 De Agrarische revolutie..........................................................................................................................8
1.2.2 De eerste boeren in West-Europa..........................................................................................................9
1.2.3 Steen, brons en ijzer...............................................................................................................................9
1.3 Religieuze uitingen: grottekeningen, beeldjes en grafgiften........................................................................10
1.4 De bronnen van dit tijdvak...........................................................................................................................10
1.4.1 Prehistorie.............................................................................................................................................10
1.4.2 Archeologie...........................................................................................................................................10
1.4.3 Culturele antropologie..........................................................................................................................11
1.5 Begrippen......................................................................................................................................................11
2. Tijd van de Grieken en Romeinen (3000 v. Chr.- 500 na Chr.)....................................................................13
2.1 De eerste beschavingen: het ontstaan van stadstaten................................................................................13
2.1.1 Stadstaten in het Midden-Oosten (ca. 3000-600 v. Chr.).....................................................................13
2.1.2 Griekse stadstaten (ca. 800-300 v. Chr.)...............................................................................................14
2.2 Het Romeinse Rijk.........................................................................................................................................14
2.2.1 Rome, het middelpunt van een rijk......................................................................................................14
2.2.2 De organisatie van het Romeinse Rijk...................................................................................................14
2.2.3 De ondergang van het West-Romeinse Rijk.........................................................................................15
2.2.4 Aan de rand van het Romeinse Rijk (50 v. Chr.-400 na Chr.)...............................................................16
2.3 Religie bij Grieken, Romeinen en Germanen................................................................................................17
2.4 De bronnen van dit tijdvak............................................................................................................................18
2.5 Begrippen......................................................................................................................................................19
3. Tijd van de monniken en ridders (500-1000).............................................................................................21
3.1 Leven van het land........................................................................................................................................21
3.1.1 Landheren en horigen...........................................................................................................................21
3.1.2 Dorestad...............................................................................................................................................22
3.2 Het Frankische Rijk.......................................................................................................................................22
3.2.1 Het leenstelsel......................................................................................................................................22
3.2.2 Karel de Grote.......................................................................................................................................22
3.2.3 Noormannen (800-1000)......................................................................................................................23
3.2.4 Ridders..................................................................................................................................................23
3.3 De verspreiding van twee religies.................................................................................................................23
3.3.1 Het Christendom...................................................................................................................................23
3.3.2 De islam................................................................................................................................................24
3.4 De bronnen van dit tijdvak...........................................................................................................................25
3.5 Begrippen......................................................................................................................................................25
4. Tijd van steden en staten (1000-1500)...................................................................................................... 27
2
4.1 Nederzettingen groeien uit tot steden..........................................................................................................27
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BASISKENNIS GESCHIEDENIS
4.1.1 Hanzesteden.........................................................................................................................................27
4.1.2 Gebruik van de grond...........................................................................................................................27
4.1.3 De groeiende macht van de stad..........................................................................................................28
4.1.4 Het stadsleven......................................................................................................................................28
4.2 Zelfstandige vorsten in een groot rijk...........................................................................................................29
4.2.1 Een middeleeuwse vorst, Floris V graaf van Holland...........................................................................29
4.2.2 Het Bourgondische Rijk.........................................................................................................................30
4.3 De plaats van de kerk in de samenleving.....................................................................................................30
4.3.1 Elke dag een heiligendag......................................................................................................................30
4.3.2 De kruistochten (1095-1291)................................................................................................................31
4.4 De bronnen van dit tijdvak...........................................................................................................................31
4.5 Begrippen......................................................................................................................................................31
5. Tijd van ontdekkers en hervormers (1500-1600).......................................................................................33
5.1 De ontdekkers...............................................................................................................................................33
5.1.1 De ontdekking van Indië (Zuid-Azië).....................................................................................................33
5.1.2 De ontdekking van Amerika..................................................................................................................34
5.2 In opstand tegen een groot rijk....................................................................................................................34
5.2.1 Het Habsburgse Rijk..............................................................................................................................34
5.2.2 De Nederlanden en Spanje onder één vorst........................................................................................35
5.2.3 Prins Willem van Oranje-Nassau, leider van de Opstand.....................................................................35
5.2.4 Het ontstaan van de Republiek der Zeven Verenigden Nederlanden..................................................36
5.2.5 De Nederlandse Opstand......................................................................................................................36
5.3 De hervormers..............................................................................................................................................37
5.3.1 Een andere manier van denken............................................................................................................37
5.3.2 Boekdrukkunst......................................................................................................................................37
5.3.3 Kerkhervorming of Reformatie.............................................................................................................38
5.4 De bronnen van dit tijdvak...........................................................................................................................38
5.5 Begrippen......................................................................................................................................................38
6. Tijd van regenten en vorsten.................................................................................................................... 41
6.1 De gouden eeuw...........................................................................................................................................41
6.1.1 Economische bloei................................................................................................................................41
6.1.2 Bloei van architectuur, kunst en wetenschap......................................................................................42
6.1.3 Turfwinning en droogmakerijen...........................................................................................................42
6.1.4 De Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie..............................................................................................42
6.1.5 De West-Indische Compagnie...............................................................................................................43
6.1.6 Het ontstaan van een wereldeconomie...............................................................................................44
6.2 De Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden.........................................................................................44
6.2.1 Het bestuur van de Republiek..............................................................................................................44
6.2.2 Politieke en religieuze crisis binnen de Republiek................................................................................45
6.2.3 Vrede met Spanje, oorlog met Engeland..............................................................................................46
6.2.4 Lodewijk XIV, een koning met absolute macht....................................................................................46
6.2.5 Het Rampjaar 1672...............................................................................................................................46
6.3 Een tolerante Republiek................................................................................................................................47
6.4 De bronnen van dit tijdvak...........................................................................................................................47
6.5 Begrippen......................................................................................................................................................47
7. Tijd van pruiken en revoluties.................................................................................................................. 50
2
7.1 Het einde van de economische bloei............................................................................................................50
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