internal energy - ✔️ the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all
particles in the system
, Conduction - ✔️ The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another
substance that it is touching.
Convection - ✔️ The transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or
movement of a liquid or gas
convection current - ✔️ a current caused by the rising of heated fluid and
sinking of cooled fluid
Insulator - ✔️ A material that does not allow heat or electrons to move
through it easily.
Infra red radiation - ✔️ Electromagnetic waves of heat energy.
Radiation - ✔️ Energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or
waves or particles.
greenhouse effect - ✔️ CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
absorb long wavelength radiation radiated from the Earth's surface and
prevent it escaping.
black - ✔️ good absorber of radiation
white - ✔️ poor absorber of radiation
specific heat capacity - ✔️ the energy required to raise the temperature of
one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius
Reduce heat loss from homes - ✔️ - loft insulation (fibre glass is a good
insulator)
- cavity wall insulation (foam prevents convection currents)
- aluminum foil behind radiator (reflects radiation)
- double glazing (vacuum slows conduction and radiation)
energy transfer - ✔️ power x time
non-renewable energy - ✔️ A natural resource such as coal, gas, or oil that,
once consumed, cannot be replaced.
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