Hoofdstuk 4: Het hormoonstelsel
1. WERKINGSPRINCIPE VAN HORMONEN
via neuraal systeem: zeer snel en zeer specifiek
via hormoonsysteem: brede/algemene boodschap
endocriene klieren scheiden chemische stof uit in bloed
o maar slechts enkele cellen hebben receptor voor boodschapper
opm: exocriene klieren scheiden iets uit in buitenwereld (≠ bloedbanen)
2. CHEMISCHE STRUCTUUR VAN HORMONEN
twee groepen
o hydrofiele hormonen: kunnen niet door plasmamembraan
werken via metabotrope receptoren
Gproteïne en tweede boodschapper
o lipofiele hormonen: kunnen door plasmamembraan
, drie categorieën
o
peptidehormonen
grootste groep hormonen
hydrofiele aminozuurketens
vb: ADH, insuline, glucagon…
o vetderivaten: steroïden
lipofiele moleculen
afgeleid van cholesterol
vb: testosteron, oestrogeen…
o aminozuurderivaten
kleine moleculen
afgeleid van aminozuur
vb: adrenaline, thyroxine…
slikken of spuiten?
o steroidhormonen: wel absorptie, geen vertering anticonceptiePIL
o polypeptiden: wel vertering insulineSPUIT
3. REGELING VAN HORMOONAFGIFTE
3.1. TWEE OPTIES
soms: lokale, humorale regeling (weinig invloed van hersenen)
meestal: centrale coördinatie vanuit hersenen
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