Title: Learning aim B: Examine how to overcome the challenges to daily living faced
by people with additional needs
Headings- B1 Definitions of disability
The model of disability consists in which a disability of an individual's condition is affecting their
daily life by providing a resolution in which the government contributes by coming up with ways to
make it easier for individuals who are impaired or have physical disabilities. The model of disability
solely focuses on removing barriers and disadvantages so service users are able to complete their
daily tasks and are able to live independently without any hardships. The social model of disability
focuses on the fact that an individual who has a physical impairment or disability has to face
restrictions that prevent them from engaging and interacting in society because of the barriers that
they face the same way that individuals without physical impairment or disability. People with
special needs or handicaps have been stigmatised as disabled and expected to rely on others to
provide their fundamental needs for daily living and social engagement. The social model aids in the
reduction of unnecessary barriers that prevent physically impaired or disabled individuals from
engaging in society, gaining employment, and living independently. The medical model of disability
focuses on mainly the individual's physical impairment or disability and focuses on how it creates
disadvantages for the individual's life, it is the opposite to social model, as social model focuses on
ways to reduce barriers, medical model focuses on the disadvantages that lead to losing
independence or change by other medical treatments.
A disability is any physical or mental condition that makes it more difficult for an individual to
accomplish daily activities and interact with the world around them, leaving them dependent on
others. It has a significant, long-term negative impact on a person's capacity to do routine day-to-day
activities. Being disabled, or experiencing or being impaired, refers to having a physical or mental
impairment that has long-term effects on their everyday lives. Birth problems that impact individuals
later in life, such as memory, learning, comprehension, movement, hearing, vision, and so on, might
cause disability. Disability is defined as an impairment that has a significant, long-term negative
impact on a person's capacity to do routine day-to-day activities. Being disabled, or experiencing or
being impaired, refers to having a physical or mental impairment that has long-term effects on their
everyday lives. Dependency in a health and social care setting is defined as an individual requiring
care that could either be from a professional taking care of the patient and their inability to
complete things without assistance. When one person is treated unfairly in comparison to others, it
could be due to variables such as race, age, gender, sexual orientation, handicap, or other causes.
Disability as a social construct is perceived as an individual who has a physical impairment or
disability, view and created by society meaning it can be more accepted in society by providing
access and equipment so that is more accessible for those to be more independent this also link with
dependency and having inability to be independent and being reliant on others rather having the
ability to carry out daily tasks yourself. You have a 'impairment' if your physical or mental talents are
diminished in some way as compared to the majority of individuals. It could be the result of a
physical problem, such as arthritis in your hands, which prevents you from gripping or carrying
objects as well as other people and will have to rely on special equipment to help grip objects. An
impairment does not have to be a diagnosed medical condition. Temporary or permanent
impairment is possible. You have a 'impairment' if your physical or mental talents are diminished in
some way as compared to the majority of individuals. It could be the result of a physical problem,
such as arthritis in your hands, which prevents you from gripping or carrying objects as well as other
people.
, Heading-B.P2- Explain how disability can be viewed as a social construct (Tip-Minimum 1
long paragraph)
The social effects of having a disability are disabilities. Disability is a social construct that may be
changed since society identifies people with limitations as being disabled. There are many factors
that contribute to the social construct such as cultural effects, violence and harmful crimes, poverty
and a lack of access to essential resources and lifestyle pace are all examples of social factors that
contribute to handicap. These characteristics are important in appreciating incapacity as a social
gathering that determines how society views and deals with persons who behave differently from
the standard. Having the social model of disability redefines disability as the restrictions imposed by
society when it fails to provide effective social and structural assistance in response to handicapped
people's structural requests. If a service user is unable to walk steps, the medical model
concentrates on coming up with treatment like on physically rehabilitating the client so that they can
utilise an elevator or a ramp. It is expected that the social isolation of elderly people with
impairments would worsen as the population ages. Many with impairments experience the most
difficulty at home while dealing with daily activities. When someone has a handicap, their social
involvement and relationships deteriorate. People can't do things because of social restrictions, such
as the lack of ramps or accessible facilities, or because of societal perceptions, like the notion that
disabled individuals can't do specific things.
Heading-B2 Minimising environmental and social challenges
How society’s infrastructure should support equality for people with additional needs.
Access and barriers -Public buildings, public transport.
Physical barriers can exist, such as buildings lacking accessible restrooms. Individuals' views toward
difference, such as presuming disabled people couldn't do certain things, might also contribute to
them. Making a building accessible to everyone, consideration given to those with impairments,
older people, children in pushchairs, and those with various difficulties and backgrounds. Making
sure that there are restrooms and baby-changing facilities for people in wheelchairs, and that there
are ramps in and out of the facility and elevators. Having automatic doors for wheelchair users and
people with physical limitations to make entering and exiting the facility easier. Signs that are clear
and visible throughout the building for persons who are deaf or hard of hearing. Public
transportation should always be accessible to all.
In 2004, the Department of Transport (DFT) implemented a policy to promote social inclusion by
resolving accessibility difficulties. This includes providing guidance and assistance with local transit.
The Centre for Research in Social Policy explored the challenges that transportation agencies have in
delivering comprehensive physical accessibility and availability in a paper titled "Accessibility
Planning Policy: Evaluation and Future Directions," published in 2012. The inquiry identified several
substantial access restrictions that could have a negative impact on a person's work and educational
opportunities. The cost of transportation, its accessibility, the places where services were delivered
(especially in difficult locations), and concerns about security and safety while travelling were among
the obstacles. Furthermore, some people lack motivation. Supporting Individuals with Additional
