BIO 202 Exam 1- Endocrine System Questions and Answers 100% Accurate
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Course
BIO 202
Institution
BIO 202
2. Aldosterone is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex zona fasiculata that promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidney. Recall what you know about the reabsorption process in the kidney and determine how hormone levels would need to change in order to reduce the effects of hyponatremia and exce...
BIO 202 Exam 1- Endocrine System Questions and Answers 100% Accurate
1. Which of the following hormones, if in excess, would likely cause excessive water retention? - ANSWER-e)ADH
2. Aldosterone is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex zona fasiculata that promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidney. Recall what you know about the reabsorption process in the kidney and determine how hormone levels would need to change in order to reduce the effects of hyponatremia and excessive water retention seen in the scenario about small cell lung carcinoma above? - ANSWER-d) increase secretion of aldosterone but decreased secretion of ADH
3. The term "neuroendocrine" typically refers to: - ANSWER-d) neurons that secrete chemical messengers that are blood-borne
4. Which of the following hormones would be secreted by the body in order to offset the hypercalcemia effects seen in the scenario above? - ANSWER-b) calcitonin
5. What is the general target that is common to all three hormones: PTH, aldosterone (recall its action in 2 above) and ADH? - ANSWER-b) kidney
SCENARIO Q 1-5 - ANSWER-Small cell carcinoma of the lungs is also called oat cell cancer and accounts for 10-15% of all lung cancer cases. This type of cancer is epithelial; hence the name "carcinoma." It is a neuroendocrine type of carcinoma that is very aggressive in nature and can lead to adverse effects such as hypercalcemia, hypoantremia (low blood sodium) and yet excessive water retention, among others. Although it grows rapidly and spreads (metasizes) quickly, it is particularly sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation if diagnosed early.
6. Which is the following is not regarded as a "second" messenger in a plasma membrane receptor mechanism for a hormone? - ANSWER-c) Adenylate cyclase
other options:
a) Diacylglycerol (DAG or DG)
b) Inositol triphosphate (IP3)
d) Cyclic AMP (cAMP)
7. Based on what you know about general hormone structure and the chemical categories of hormones, which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the hormone shown below? - ANSWER-a) it travels in the bloodstream found to protein such as albumin b) it uses a plasma membrane receptor mechanism c) it causes generation of a second messenger within its target cell to carry out its "message"
d) both b and c are incorrect
e) none of the above are incorrect
ANSWER: d
8. Hormone A is a synergist of hormone B. Which of the following is true? - ANSWER-a)
Hormone A has a similar effect
9. Which of the following is true of G-proteins? - ANSWER-c) they may be involved in generation of cAMP
10. Hormone A increases the number of receptors for hormone B. This is an example of: - ANSWER-b) heterospecific upregulation
11. Which of the following pairs of hormones are antagonistic to each other? - ANSWER-c) PTH-calcitonin
12. The major stimulus for secretion of hormones which come from the anterior pituitary is - ANSWER-b) hormonal
13. The target cells for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (i.e., the cells which respond to GnRH) are located in the: - ANSWER-b) anterior pituitary
14. CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone) is secreted from cells of the______ and its effect is to directly____ secretion of _____ - ANSWER-b) hypothalamus, increase, ACTH
15. Which of the following would not be classified as a neurohormone? - ANSWER-a) thyrotropin releasing hormone
b) antidiuretic hormone
c) GHIH
d) oxytocin
e) all of these answers are neurohormones ANSWER: e
16. Which if the following is correct regarding the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system? - ANSWER-b) it allows releasing and inhibiting hormones to reach the pituitary
17. Which of the following endocrine glands is/are regulated (either directly or indirectly)
by a hormone secreted by the hypothalamus - ANSWER-a) adrenal cortex
b) thyroid follicle cells
c) anterior pituitary d) interstitial cells of the testis
e) all of these
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