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Summary Piaget theory
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Within this document is Piaget's theory which will be a main topic to revise for Unit 1 exam
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Piaget Cognitive development is a child ability to learn and solve problems
Stages of cognitive development
Piaget came to the conclusion that children think differently to adults
He suggested a 4 year old cannot use abstract thinking due to them not being mature
enough
He suggested a child cannot think logically till the age of 7 years old when they can
use simple logic
Piaget suggested that there are 4 stages of Cognitive development
Stages What Occurs
Infant think by interacting with the world using senses. As a result, the
infant invents ways of solving problems such as pulling a lever to hear a
Sensorimotor
sound from a box, finding hidden toys and putting objects in and out of
(Birth - 2 years
containers. Piaget believed that a baby would not have a way of
old)
remembering and thinking about the world until they where about 18
months old.
Children use symbols to represent their earliest sensorimotor discoveries.
Development of language and make believe play takes place. Piaget
believed that children at this stage cannot properly understand how ideas
Preoperational (2 -
like numbers, mass ad volume really work. A child might be able to
7 years old)
count to 100 but might not understand what a set of 10 really means. If
10 buttons are stretched out in a line and 10 buttons placed in a pile, a
child might say there are more buttons in the line because it is longer!
Children's reasoning becomes logical providing the issues are concrete.
In the concrete operational stage, children may be able to understand
Concrete simple logical principles. For example, if the teacher asks “Jessica is
Operational (7 - 11 taller than Joanne, but Jessica is smaller than Sally, who is the tallest?” A
years old ) 7 to 8 year old might find it difficult to imagine the information needed
to answer the question. However if the teacher shows a picture of all the
girls , the child might quickly point out who is the tallest.
This is when the capacity for abstract thinking allows adolescents to
reasons to symbols that do not refer to objects in the real world, as if
Formal Operational required in advanced mathematics. Young people can also think o
(11 - 18 years old) possible outcomes of scientific problems, not just the obvious ones.
Abstract thinking enables individuals to think through complicated ideas
in their heads without having to see the concrete image.
Piaget theory only explains cognitive development up to adolescence
Many suggest there is a post-formal operational stage which makes adults mores
skilled in the ability to make flexible judgements
The development of Schemas
Schema - Is a category of knowledge as well as the process of requiring knowledge
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