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TEST BANK FOR ADVANCED HEALTH ASSESSMENT &
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS IN PRIMARYCARE 6TH EDITION
DAINS ISBN: 9780323594554
This Test Bank is Directly from The Publisher
Has All Chapters With 100% Correct Answers
INSTANT DOWNLOAD
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Test Bank for Advanced Health Assessment & Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care
6th Edition Dains
Chapter 1: Clinical Reasoning, Differential Diagnosis, Evidence-Based Practice, and Symptom Analysis
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which type of clinical decision-making is most reliable?
A. Intuitiv
e
B Analyti
. cal
C Experie
. ntial
D Augenb
. lick
2. Which of the following is false? To obtain adequate history, health-care providers must
be:
A. Methodical and systematic
B Attentive to the patient’s verbal and
. nonverbal language
C Able to accurately interpret the
. patient’s responses
D Adept at reading into the patient’s
. statements
3. Essential parts of a health history include all of the following except:
A. Chief complaint
B History of the present illness
.
C Current vital signs
.
D All of the above are essential
. history components
4. Which of the following is false? While performing the physical examination, the
examiner must be able to:
A. Differentiate between normal and abnormal findings
B Recall knowledge of a range of conditions and their
. associated signs and symptoms
C Recognize how certain conditions affect the response
. to other conditions
D Foresee unpredictable findings
.
5. The following is the least reliable source of information for diagnostic statistics:
A. Evidence-based
investigations
B Primary reports of research
.
C Estimation based on a
. provider’s experience
D Published meta-analyses
.
6. The following can be used to assist in sound clinical decision-making:
A. Algorithm published in a peer-
reviewed journal article
B Clinical practice guidelines
.
C Evidence-based research
.
D All of the above
.
7. If a diagnostic study has high sensitivity, this indicates a:
A. High percentage of persons with the given condition
will have an abnormal result
B Low percentage of persons with the given condition
, . will have an abnormal result
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C Low likelihood of normal result in persons without a
. given condition
D None of the above
.
8. If a diagnostic study has high specificity, this indicates a:
A. Low percentage of healthy individuals will show
a normal result
B High percentage of healthy individuals will show
. a normal result
C High percentage of individuals with a disorder
. will show a normal result
D Low percentage of individuals with a disorder
. will show an abnormal result
9. A likelihood ratio above 1 indicates that a diagnostic test showing a:
A. Positive result is strongly associated with
the disease
B Negative result is strongly associated with
. absence of the disease
C Positive result is weakly associated with
. the disease
D Negative result is weakly associated with
. absence of the disease
10. Which of the following clinical reasoning tools is defined as evidence-based
resource based on mathematical modeling to express the likelihood of a condition
in select situations, settings, and/or patients?
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A. Clinical practice
guideline
B Clinical decision
. rule
C Clinical
. algorithm
Chapter 1: Clinical reasoning, differential diagnosis, evidence-based practice, and symptom
ana
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: B
Croskerry (2009) describes two major types of clinical diagnostic decision -
making: intuitive and analytical. Intuitive decision- making (similar to Augenblink
decision-making) is based on the experience and intuition of the clinician and is
less reliable and paired with fairly common errors. In contrast, analytical decision-
making is based on careful consideration and has greater reliability with rare
errors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS: D
To obtain adequate history, providers must be well organized, attentive to the
patient’s verbal and nonverbal language, and able to accurately interpret the
patient’s responses to questions. Rather than reading into the patient’s statements,
they clarify any areas of uncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS: C
Vital signs are part of the physical examination portion of patient assessment, not part of the
health history.
PTS: 1
4. ANS: D
While performing the physical examination, the examiner must be able to
differentiate between normal and abnormal findings, recall knowledge of a range
of conditions, including their associated signs and symptoms, recognize how
certain conditions affect the response to other conditions, and distinguish the
relevance of varied abnormal findings.
PTS: 1
5. ANS: C
Sources for diagnostic statistics include textbooks, primary reports of research,
and published meta-analyses. Another source of statistics, the one that has been
most widely used and available for application to the reasoning process, is the
estimation based on a provider’s experience, although these are rarely accurate.
Over the past decade, the availability of evidence on which to base clinical
reasoning is improving, and there is an increasing expectation that clinical
reasoning be based on scientific evidence.
