Adult Care HESI prep- acid/base Questions and Answers
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Adult Care HESI prep- acid
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Adult Care HESI Prep- Acid
Adult Care HESI prep- acid/base Questions and Answers
The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube that is attached to low suction. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that the client is at risk for which acid-base disorder?
Metabolic alkalosis
A client with a 3-day history of...
Adult Care HESI prep- acid/base Questions
and Answers
The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube that is attached to low
suction. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that the client is at risk for which
acid-base disorder?
Metabolic alkalosis
A client with a 3-day history of nausea and vomiting presents to the emergency
department. The client is hypoventilating and has a respiratory rate of 10
breaths/minute. The electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor displays tachycardia, with
a heart rate of 120 beats/minute. Arterial blood gases are drawn and the nurse
reviews the results, expecting to note which finding?
An increased pH with an increased HCO3
The nurse caring for a client with an ileostomy understands that the client is most
at risk for developing which acid-base disorder?
Metabolic acidosis
The nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis and documents that the
client is experiencing Kussmaul's respirations. On the basis of this
documentation, which pattern did the nurse observe?
Respirations that are abnormally deep, regular, and increased in rate
A client who is found unresponsive has arterial blood gases drawn and the
results indicate the following: pH is 7.12, Pco2 is 90 mm Hg, and HCO3 is 22
mEq/L. The nurse interprets the results as indicating which condition?
Respiratory acidosis without compensation
The nurse notes that a client's arterial blood gas results reveal a pH of 7.50 and a
Pco2 of 30 mm Hg. The nurse monitors the client for which clinical manifestations
associated with these arterial blood gas results?
Clinical manifestations of respiratory alkalosis include lethargy, lightheadedness,
confusion, tachycardia, dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia, nausea, vomiting,
epigastric pain, and numbness and tingling of the extremities. Hyperventilation
(tachypnea) occurs
The nurse is caring for a client who is on a mechanical ventilator. Blood gas
results indicate a pH of 7.50 and a Pco2 of 30 mm Hg. The nurse has determined
that the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis. Which laboratory value would
most likely be noted in this condition?
Potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L (hypokalemia)
The nurse plans care for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD), understanding that the client is most likely to experience what type of
acid-base imbalance?
Respiratory acidosis
The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of an assigned client and notes
that the laboratory report indicates a pH of 7.30, Pco2 of 58 mm Hg, Po2 of 80 mm
, Hg, and Hco3 of 27 mEq/L. The nurse interprets that the client has which acid-
base disturbance?
Respiratory acidosis
A client with a history of lung disease is at risk for developing respiratory
acidosis. The nurse should assess the client for which signs and symptoms
characteristic of this disorder?
When a client is experiencing respiratory acidosis, the respiratory rate and depth
increase in an attempt to compensate. The client also experiences headache;
restlessness; mental status changes, such as drowsiness and confusion; visual
disturbances; diaphoresis; cyanosis as the hypoxia becomes more acute; hyperkalemia;
rapid, irregular pulse; and dysrhythmias.
The nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas analysis results for a client in the
respiratory care unit and notes a pH of 7.38, PaCO2 of 38 mm Hg, PaO2 of 86 mm
Hg, and HCO3 of 23 mEq/L. The nurse interprets that these values indicate which
result?
Normal results: The client's results fall in the normal range for pH (7.35 to 7.45), PaCO2
(35 to 45 mm Hg), and bicarbonate level (22 to 26 mEq/L). With acidosis, the pH would
be less than 7.35; with alkalosis, the pH would be greater than 7.45. Carbon dioxide
levels would be high with respiratory acidosis, whereas bicarbonate levels would be low
if metabolic acidosis were present.
A client has had an arterial blood gas sample drawn from the radial artery, and
the nurse is asked to hold pressure on the site. The nurse should apply pressure
for at least how many minute(s)?
5 minutes
In a client seen in the health care clinic, arterial blood gas analysis gives the
following results: pH 7.48, Pco2 32 mm Hg, Po2 94 mm Hg, HCO3 level 24 mEq/L.
The nurse interprets that the client has which acid-base disturbance?
Respiratory alkalosis
A client has a prescription for arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis on radial artery
specimens. The nurse ensures that which intervention has been performed or
tested before the ABG specimens are drawn?
Allen's test
An anxious preoperative client is at risk for developing respiratory alkalosis. The
nurse should assess the client for which signs and symptoms characteristic of
this disorder?
Clinical manifestations of respiratory alkalosis include a decrease in the respiratory rate
and depth, headache, lightheadedness, vertigo, mental status changes, paresthesias
such as tingling of the fingers and toes, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, tetany, and
convulsions.
The nurse is performing a change-of-shift assessment on a client. The client had
an arterial blood gas specimen drawn during an admission work-up on the
previous day and has a hematoma at the puncture site. What is the priority
nursing intervention?
Apply a warm compress.
A client has a prescription for a set of arterial blood gas (ABGs) samples to be
drawn on room air. The client currently is receiving oxygen by nasal cannula at a
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