Neet physics motion in a straight line revision notes
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NEET
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NEET
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Physics : Textbook For Class Xi
Motion in a straight line is one of the fundamental topics in physics, which deals with the movement of an object along a straight path. It involves the study of various parameters such as displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time. Understanding Concepts of motion in a straight line is essenti...
Class notes physics Physics : Textbook For Class Xi
Class notes physics Physics : Textbook For Class Xi
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NEET Revision Notes
Physics
Motion in a Straight Line
Kinematics:
Kinematics is the study of the motion of a system of bodies without directly
considering the forces or potential fields affecting the motion.
The frame of reference:
The frame of reference is a system of coordinates axes attached to an observer
having a clock with him, concerning which the observer can describe the position,
displacement, acceleration etc., of a moving body.
Types of Frame of References:
● Inertial frame of reference: In which Newton’s first law of motion does
not hold good. It means that no external force is acting on a body; it will
stay at rest or remain in uniform motion.
Example: A car at a standstill, A Bus moving with constant speed
● Non-Inertial frame of reference: In which Newton’s first law of motion
does not hold good. It means that it undergoes acceleration concerning an
inertial frame.
Example: A car accelerating during signals, Earth rotating the sun
Motion
A body is said to be in motion if it changes its position with time, with respect to
its surroundings, e.g. a bird flying in the air. Rest and motion are relative terms.
Types of motion:
● Motion in one dimension is defined as a particle moving in a single
direction throughout its journey. For example, an ant moving along X-axis.
Motion is described in terms of displacement(x), time (t), velocity (v) and
acceleration (a).
● Motion in two dimensions: It is defined as a particle moving in a plane, i.e.
a two-dimensional motion has happened in a plane of X-Y axis. For
example, an ant moving on the top surface of a desk. Motion is described
in terms of the projectile and circular motion.
Class XI Physics www.vedantu.com 1
, ● Motion in three dimensions: It is defined as a particle moving in space, i.e.
a three-dimensional motion has happened in a plane of the X-Y-Z axis. For
example, the movement of the gyroscope.
Scalar Quantities
The physical quantities which have only magnitude but no direction are known
as scalar quantities, e.g., mass, work etc.
Vector Quantities
The physical quantities which have both magnitudes and direction are known as
vector quantities, e.g., force, velocity etc.
Image: Difference between scalars and vectors
Distance and Displacement
● Distance: The length of the actual path traversed by a body during its
motion in a given interval is called the distance travelled by the body. Its
SI unit is meters (m), and its dimension is L. Displacement is independent
of the path, but distance is dependent on the path travelled.
● Displacement: Displacement is defined as the shortest distance travelled
by the body. Its SI unit is meters (m), and its dimension is L. Distance is a
scalar quantity, whereas displacement is a vector quantity.
Image: Difference between distance and displacement
Class XI Physics www.vedantu.com 2
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