This document is a summary of the ATPL subject Instrumentation. You can use it as an easy way to get started, a refresher for your theory or a quick way to check if you know the essential parts of the subjects short before your exam. I made the summary while i was studying for my ATPL theory, i pa...
Section 1 – Instrumentation Basics
Instrumentation General and Computers… ...................... 2
Air Data Instruments and Radio Altimeter ................................... 4
Gyroscopes… ................................................................................ 8
Magnetic Compasses ................................................................ 10
Inertial Navigation Systems… .............................................. 12
Section 2 – Instrumentation Systems
Display Systems… ..................................................................... 14
Flight Management Systems… ........................................... 18
Engine Instrumentation ........................................................... 18
Automatic Flight Control and Augmentation System ........... 22
Alerting Systems… .................................................................. 25
Recording and Maintenance Systems ....................................... 30
Data Communication Systems ..................................................31
, Chapter 1 – Instrumentation General and Computers
Instrument
-Sensor -> Processor -> Indicator
Instrument panels
-MIP L/R = Main instrument panel
-MIP C = Centre Main Instrument panel
-GSP = Glareshield
-PED = Pedestal
-OHP = Overhead Panel
ERP Eye Reference Position
-Avoid Parallax
-Reach all the buttons
-See the runway on landing
Display design
-Analogue (Circular / Straight)
-Digital
-Hybrid = Digital + Analogue
-Pictorial (Inside out / Outside in)
*Inside out = ATT, Outside in = TBI
Colour standardisation
-Red = Emergency
-Amber = Caution
-Green = Safe Status
-Blue = Temporary transit
-White = on / off status
Transmission systems
-Mechanical
-electro Mechanical
-Electronic / Digital
, Can Measure and Indicate angles
Synchro
-Converts mechanical angle to electrical signal (or can drive light needle)
-Transmit = Torque transmitter TX -> rotor = primary coil
-Receive = Torque Receiver TR -> stator primary coil
-Single rotor coil + 3 star wound stator coils
-heavy loads -> amplifier to drive servo -> Synchro-servo system
Can Only Measure angles
E-I Pickoff
-Very small angular/linear displacements
-2 soft iron cores, a fixed E-core and a moving I-core
-inner limb = E core fed with AC voltage -> Primary winding
-Outer limb = surrounded by opposite turning coils -> secondary winding
-Voltage -> Magnitude = displacement, Phase = direction
Computer
1. Central Processor Unit (CPU) -> microprocessors
2. Memory unit
3. Input / output units Peripherals
4. Communication Busses
-1 byte = 7 + 1 bits
Internal communication
-Data bus = Instructions
-Address bus = Location
-Control bus = Read / Write commands
External communication
-ARINC-429 = uni-directional bus for bitrate up to 100 kbps
-ARINC-629 = bi-directional bus for bitrate of 2 Mbps
Electro Mechanical Indicators
Software failure Definitions -Moving coil meter (fail -> off scale)
-Cat A = Catastrophic -A/D converter = Analogue -> Digital -Ratio meter
-Cat E = no safety effects -Transducer = convert energy forms -Synchro
-Servo (meter)
Processing
-Multitasking = 1 processor, more tasks at 1 (a1,b1,a2,b2,a3,b3)
-Multi processing = multiple processors doing separate tasks (a1,a2,a3 and b1,b2,b3)
Von Neuman Cycle = Fetch, Decode and Execute
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller larsgerritsen1. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.93. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
