WGU D118: OA Study Guide (Complete) Questions With 100% Correct Answers.

WGU D118: OA Study Guide (Complete) Questions With 100% Correct Answers. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is gathering data for an ongoing research project. In the project, the APRN is interviewing individual patients as well as conducting focused group sessions with multiple patients. Which type of research design is being used by the APRN? a. Quasi-experimental b. Qualitative c. Experimental d. Descriptive ANS: B Qualitative research relies on data obtained by the researcher from first-hand observation, interviews, questionnaires (on which participants write descriptively), focus groups, participant observation, recordings made in natural settings, documents, case studies, and artifacts. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is gathering data for an ongoing research project. In the project, a group of individuals with Type 2 diabetes are divided into two randomized groups. Which type of research design is being used by the APRN? a. Quasi-experimental b. Qualitative c. Experimental d. Descriptive ANS: C In an experimental research study, the participants in both the treatment and control groups are randomly assigned. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is gathering data for an ongoing research project. In the project, a group of individuals with Type 2 diabetes are divided into two non-randomized groups. Which type of research design is being used by the APRN? a. Quasi-experimental b. Qualitative c. Experimental d. Descriptive ANS: A A quasi-experimental design does not randomly assign participants to treatment or control groups for comparison. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is gathering data for an ongoing research project. In the project, the APRN is focusing on identifying the characteristics that makeup a population of patients with Type 2 diabetes. Which type of research design is being used by the APRN? a. Quasi-experimental b. Qualitative c. Experimental d. Descriptive ANS: D Descriptive Research is used to describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon being studied. It does not answer questions about how/when/why the characteristics occurred. Rather it addresses the "what" question (what are the characteristics of the population or situation being studied?). What is the purpose of Level I research? a. To define characteristics of interest of groups of patients b. To demonstrate the effectiveness of an intervention or treatment c. To describe relationships among characteristics or variables d. To evaluate the nature of relationships between two variables ANS: A Level I research is conducted to define the characteristics of groups of patients. What is the purpose of Level II research? a. To define characteristics of interest of groups of patients b. To demonstrate the effectiveness of an intervention or treatment c. To describe relationships among characteristics or variables d. To evaluate the nature of relationships between two variables ANS: C Level II research is concerned with describing the relationships among characteristics or variables. What is the purpose of Level III research? a. To define characteristics of interest of groups of patients b. To demonstrate the effectiveness of an intervention or treatment c. To describe relationships among characteristics or variables d. To evaluate the nature of relationships between two variables ANS: D Level III research evaluates the nature of the relationships between two variables. What is the purpose of Level IV research? a. To define characteristics of interest of groups of patients b. To demonstrate the effectiveness of an intervention or treatment c. To describe relationships among characteristics or variables d. To evaluate the nature of relationships between two variables ANS: B Level IV research is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of interventions or treatments. Which is the most appropriate research design for a Level I research study? a. Epidemiological studies b. Experimental design c. Qualitative studies d. Randomized clinical trials ANS: C Qualitative designs are useful for Level I Which is the most appropriate research design for a Level II research study? a. Epidemiological studies b. Experimental design c. Qualitative studies d. Randomized clinical trials ANS: A Epidemiological studies are appropriate for level II studies. Which is the most appropriate research design for a Level III research study? a. Epidemiological studies b. Experimental design c. Qualitative studies d. Randomized clinical trials ANS: B The experimental design is the most appropriate design for a Level III study. Epidemiological studies are appropriate for level II studies. Qualitative designs are useful for Level I studies. Randomized clinical trials are used for Level IV studies. Which is the most appropriate research design for a Level IV research study? a. Epidemiological studies b. Experimental design c. Qualitative studies d. Randomized clinical trials ANS: D Randomized clinical trials are used for Level IV studies. What is the purpose of clinical research trials in the spectrum of translational research? a. Adoption of interventions and clinical practices into routine clinical care b. Determination of the basis of disease and various treatment options c. Examination of safety and effectiveness of various interventions d. Exploration of fundamental mechanisms of biology, disease, or behavior ANS: C Clinical research trials are concerned with determining the safety and effectiveness of interventions. Adoption of interventions and practices is part of clinical implementation. Determination of the basis of disease and treatment options is part of the preclinical research phase. Exploration of the fundamental mechanisms of biology, disease, or behavior is part of the basic research stage. What is a goal of the Healthy People initiative? a. To increase a patient's quality of life b. To create physical environments that promote proper health c. To achieve health equality by eliminating disparities d. To provide free health care to those unable to pay for care e. To promote healthy behaviors across all life stages ANS: C Overarching goals of the Healthy People initiative are to increase quality and length of life, free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death; to achieve health equality by eliminating disparities; to create social and physical environments that promote proper health; and to promote increased quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages, all goals consistent with the definition of wellness. Free health care is not a stated goal of the initiative. The Healthy People 2020 contains new topics and objectives that correlate with emerging technologies and data that were not present in the Healthy People 2010 initiative. Which objective was newly added to the 2020 document? a. Nutrition and weight b. Mental health c. Global health d. Substance abuse ANS: C Global Health A 35-year-old patient is being seen in the primary care clinic for a routine assessment. The patient had her last pap smear in conjunction with an HPV screening three years before and has no abnormal gynecological signs or symptoms. The advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) performs a physical assessment with a clinical breast exam and then provides information about recommended health screenings. Which USPTF recommendations should the APRN share with this patient? a. "We should do a chlamydia screening today." b. "We need to do a pap smear in two years." c. "We need to schedule a mammogram this month." d. "We should do a HPV screening next year." ANS: B "We need to do a pap smear in 2 years" HPV and Pap smear done together every 5 years A woman who has had routine Pap tests all her adult life has an abnormal Pap. What will the provider tell her about this result? a. Colposcopy with biopsy is necessary b. She may have vaginal cancer c. She most likely has early cervical cancer d. The result most likely indicates HPV infection ANS: A The Pap test is a screen and should be followed by colposcopy with biopsy. Women who have had Pap tests routinely are less likely to have cervical cancer.