NUR 1060C FINAL EXAM - Final Exam Study Guide
For Health Assessment - Fall 2023 – Q&A
What is evidence based practice? ✔️Ans - best evidence (research) +
clinician's experience/expertise + patient preference/values (ex: pt's not
choosig to take meds and the nurse should support the decision and NO
judgement)= EBP
What is the expanded concept of health and how does it relate to the process
of data collection and health promotion? ✔️Ans - Health promotion and
disease prevention is the core of nursing. It is about treating the pt as a whole
through holistic care by addressing mind+body+spirit. This means that when
treating a pt we not only look at the S/S we look at the pt's lifestyle, culture,
self care behaviors, stress levels, environmental status, finances/poverty,
family history, "how does the pt perceive their own health?"
How does religion and spirituality influence health and illness? ✔️Ans - It
may influence how the pt perceives their illness - ex: they may not think that
it's as severe as it really is, it may impact their healer choice - ex: they may not
choose traditional doctors for t(x). The pt may use spirituality to find the
reason for their illness.
What are some ways we can plan to incorporate select cultural needs
including illness causation into the nursing care of pts? ✔️Ans - Being in
nature, meditation, prayer, clergy visit
What are the components of evidenced informed practice? ✔️Ans - Evidence
based theories + physical assesment+ clinical expertise + pt preferemce, it
may take longer for us to see changes in healthcare practices (ex: 1970s - in
the 70s steriod use for premature infants, it didn't become standard practice
until the 90s)
What are some evidence base practice resources? ✔️Ans - Professional
organization websites, reputable sites, peer reviewed journal articles (ex:
QSEN)
What happens when the plan is implemented for the care of the pt? ✔️Ans -
We reassess, change the plan
,What are the steps to evidence based practice? What is familiar about this
process? ✔️Ans - It is another way to package the nursing process. (ex:
before we used to listen to bowel movements, now we assess for bowel
movements and flatulence post op)
How do we identify priorities in pt care? ✔️Ans - We categorized the
priorities into three categories. First of highest level of priority = ABC =
Airway, Breathing, Circulation | Second level of priority = ex: change in mental
health status (can be a first level problem bc change LOC is a 1st sign of
hypoxia), pain, urination problems, then safety Third level of priorities -
psychosocial, lack of knowledge (ex: if the pt needs to take insulin, but doesn't
know how) *This is done collaboratively
How do we organize patient information using databases? ✔️Ans - We
categorized them into a database. It starts as a complete health history and
physical examination/assessment, the physician is responsible to get a
complete health history within 24 hrs of admission | Focused/problem
centered = limited to the concern in the moment, this is normally done when a
pt comes into the hospital, urgent care | Follow up = "is it getting up better"
"do we need to change the plan" "are the intervention working" | Emergent =
fast collection of data while simultaneously treating the life threatening issue
(ex: someone comes in with OD you need to know how much they took, when
did they take it, what did they take)
What are the stages of health promotion and disease? ✔️Ans - *One of a
nurse's roles is educator* Primary = Prevention - immunizations, healthy
eating habits, not smoking, sunscreen | Secondary = screening - help detect
disease early, pap smears, mamograms, colonoscopy, PPD | Tertiary = treating
the disease - ex: keeping stable blood sugar with diabetes or hypertension -
take your meds to prevent stroke, heart disease
How does the demographic profile of the U.S. influence how we care for pts.?
✔️Ans - Language barriers - impair access to healthcare, communication
issue, Poverty rates - higher among minority groups, Disability rates -
language can also be a disability and make it difficult to navigate the
healthcare system, Undocumented immigrants - avoid healthcare until they
can't avoid bc of fear
,What are the 4 basic concepts of culture? ✔️Ans - shared
beliefs/values/customs that are learned from birth transcends from
generation to generation, it's dynamic, and adapted through environmental
needs *1. learned, 2. shared, 3. adapted, 4. dynamic* ||| Race = categorized by
physical characteristics, Ethnicity = cultural factors, ancenstry, language,
religion, Acculturation = assimilation - taking on the characteristics of the
dominant culture, Biculturalism integration = merge two cultures,
Acculturative stress = stressors, change in social status, laguage barriers
What is the difference between religion and spirituality? ✔️Ans - Religion =
organized system, going to a place of worship | Spirituality = "being connected
to something larger than oneself" - have to be incorporated into a pt's plan of
care
What is heritage consistency? ✔️Ans - how close a person's lifestyle reflects
their culture
What are the components of a cultural assessment? ✔️Ans - Heritage spector
scale = the higher the # of points, the higher the level of importance of
incorportation of the heritage, include heritage in the care plan, ex:
spirituality, death practices, childbirth rituals
What are some illness causation beliefs and practices? ✔️Ans - *Biomedical
or scientific theory* = cause and effect, used in the medical community |
*Naturalistic or holistic* = yin/yang, need balance in nature to prevent and
restore health, if there's an emotional imbalance | *Magicoreligious* = voodoo,
may believe they need to pray before seeking professionals | *Traditional*
beliefs = alternative practices, amulets *Be supportive, no judgment
What is involved in the patient interview? ✔️Ans - During a health interview
the healthcare provider is collecting information about the pt's health history
both present and past. The provider is dvlping rappport. The interview also
involves pt education/client teaching
What is the patient health history? ✔️Ans - Information about the clients
past and present health history
How does one devolop rappport with a pt? ✔️Ans - You set expectations
about the interview and dvlp trust b/t the pt and healthcare provider ex: : tell
, them how long the interview is going to be, ask them if it's okay to interview
them in front of someone else
What is client teaching? ✔️Ans - One of the roles of a nurse is educator which
means an interview with a pt involves health promotion and disease
prevention ex: Acknowledge your observations and what you find is
important to the patient
What is the assessment? ✔️Ans - Subjective + objective data OR pt
statements/symptoms + physical assessment/medical record/labs/signs
SUBJECtTIVE ex: the patient complains of a headache OBJECTIVE ex: blood
pressure measurement
What are the two parts of the communication process? ✔️Ans -
Communication = sending + receiving messages
What should the nurse bring to the interview//internal factors that impact an
interview? ✔️Ans - Likeability, self awareness = Check yourself, check your
bias before you enter the room, emapthy = acknowledging how the patient
feels, but you don't take on the patient's emotion, listening skills = make sure
the client feels that they are important to you, they shouldn't have to repeat
themselves
What are some external factors that impact an interview? ✔️Ans -
*Privacy/the perception of privacy* = ex: Geographic privacy - closing a door
OR Psychological privacy - curtain, keeping personal things personal like in a
nursing home or long-term care facility | *interruptions* = ex: phone calls,
rounding, pt. calls, ask politely to turn down radio or TV | *lighting* = needed
in order to evaluate physical appearnace | *room temp.* = ex: offer blankets |
*distractions* | *distance* = intimate - 18 in away from client where you can
determine body odor/breath, personal - 18 in to 4 ft. away where you can use
your stethoscope, social - 4 -5 ft not far way & not across the room using equal
height seating so the pt doesn't feel overpowered and use 90 degree seating
where you aren't sitting directly in front of them | *dress* = clean, wrinkle
free, don't smoke in uniform, pay attention to how the pt is dressed, is the pt
appropriately dressed? | *documentation* = don't have your back to the pt, it
shouldn't be a hinderance
For Health Assessment - Fall 2023 – Q&A
What is evidence based practice? ✔️Ans - best evidence (research) +
clinician's experience/expertise + patient preference/values (ex: pt's not
choosig to take meds and the nurse should support the decision and NO
judgement)= EBP
What is the expanded concept of health and how does it relate to the process
of data collection and health promotion? ✔️Ans - Health promotion and
disease prevention is the core of nursing. It is about treating the pt as a whole
through holistic care by addressing mind+body+spirit. This means that when
treating a pt we not only look at the S/S we look at the pt's lifestyle, culture,
self care behaviors, stress levels, environmental status, finances/poverty,
family history, "how does the pt perceive their own health?"
How does religion and spirituality influence health and illness? ✔️Ans - It
may influence how the pt perceives their illness - ex: they may not think that
it's as severe as it really is, it may impact their healer choice - ex: they may not
choose traditional doctors for t(x). The pt may use spirituality to find the
reason for their illness.
What are some ways we can plan to incorporate select cultural needs
including illness causation into the nursing care of pts? ✔️Ans - Being in
nature, meditation, prayer, clergy visit
What are the components of evidenced informed practice? ✔️Ans - Evidence
based theories + physical assesment+ clinical expertise + pt preferemce, it
may take longer for us to see changes in healthcare practices (ex: 1970s - in
the 70s steriod use for premature infants, it didn't become standard practice
until the 90s)
What are some evidence base practice resources? ✔️Ans - Professional
organization websites, reputable sites, peer reviewed journal articles (ex:
QSEN)
What happens when the plan is implemented for the care of the pt? ✔️Ans -
We reassess, change the plan
,What are the steps to evidence based practice? What is familiar about this
process? ✔️Ans - It is another way to package the nursing process. (ex:
before we used to listen to bowel movements, now we assess for bowel
movements and flatulence post op)
How do we identify priorities in pt care? ✔️Ans - We categorized the
priorities into three categories. First of highest level of priority = ABC =
Airway, Breathing, Circulation | Second level of priority = ex: change in mental
health status (can be a first level problem bc change LOC is a 1st sign of
hypoxia), pain, urination problems, then safety Third level of priorities -
psychosocial, lack of knowledge (ex: if the pt needs to take insulin, but doesn't
know how) *This is done collaboratively
How do we organize patient information using databases? ✔️Ans - We
categorized them into a database. It starts as a complete health history and
physical examination/assessment, the physician is responsible to get a
complete health history within 24 hrs of admission | Focused/problem
centered = limited to the concern in the moment, this is normally done when a
pt comes into the hospital, urgent care | Follow up = "is it getting up better"
"do we need to change the plan" "are the intervention working" | Emergent =
fast collection of data while simultaneously treating the life threatening issue
(ex: someone comes in with OD you need to know how much they took, when
did they take it, what did they take)
What are the stages of health promotion and disease? ✔️Ans - *One of a
nurse's roles is educator* Primary = Prevention - immunizations, healthy
eating habits, not smoking, sunscreen | Secondary = screening - help detect
disease early, pap smears, mamograms, colonoscopy, PPD | Tertiary = treating
the disease - ex: keeping stable blood sugar with diabetes or hypertension -
take your meds to prevent stroke, heart disease
How does the demographic profile of the U.S. influence how we care for pts.?
✔️Ans - Language barriers - impair access to healthcare, communication
issue, Poverty rates - higher among minority groups, Disability rates -
language can also be a disability and make it difficult to navigate the
healthcare system, Undocumented immigrants - avoid healthcare until they
can't avoid bc of fear
,What are the 4 basic concepts of culture? ✔️Ans - shared
beliefs/values/customs that are learned from birth transcends from
generation to generation, it's dynamic, and adapted through environmental
needs *1. learned, 2. shared, 3. adapted, 4. dynamic* ||| Race = categorized by
physical characteristics, Ethnicity = cultural factors, ancenstry, language,
religion, Acculturation = assimilation - taking on the characteristics of the
dominant culture, Biculturalism integration = merge two cultures,
Acculturative stress = stressors, change in social status, laguage barriers
What is the difference between religion and spirituality? ✔️Ans - Religion =
organized system, going to a place of worship | Spirituality = "being connected
to something larger than oneself" - have to be incorporated into a pt's plan of
care
What is heritage consistency? ✔️Ans - how close a person's lifestyle reflects
their culture
What are the components of a cultural assessment? ✔️Ans - Heritage spector
scale = the higher the # of points, the higher the level of importance of
incorportation of the heritage, include heritage in the care plan, ex:
spirituality, death practices, childbirth rituals
What are some illness causation beliefs and practices? ✔️Ans - *Biomedical
or scientific theory* = cause and effect, used in the medical community |
*Naturalistic or holistic* = yin/yang, need balance in nature to prevent and
restore health, if there's an emotional imbalance | *Magicoreligious* = voodoo,
may believe they need to pray before seeking professionals | *Traditional*
beliefs = alternative practices, amulets *Be supportive, no judgment
What is involved in the patient interview? ✔️Ans - During a health interview
the healthcare provider is collecting information about the pt's health history
both present and past. The provider is dvlping rappport. The interview also
involves pt education/client teaching
What is the patient health history? ✔️Ans - Information about the clients
past and present health history
How does one devolop rappport with a pt? ✔️Ans - You set expectations
about the interview and dvlp trust b/t the pt and healthcare provider ex: : tell
, them how long the interview is going to be, ask them if it's okay to interview
them in front of someone else
What is client teaching? ✔️Ans - One of the roles of a nurse is educator which
means an interview with a pt involves health promotion and disease
prevention ex: Acknowledge your observations and what you find is
important to the patient
What is the assessment? ✔️Ans - Subjective + objective data OR pt
statements/symptoms + physical assessment/medical record/labs/signs
SUBJECtTIVE ex: the patient complains of a headache OBJECTIVE ex: blood
pressure measurement
What are the two parts of the communication process? ✔️Ans -
Communication = sending + receiving messages
What should the nurse bring to the interview//internal factors that impact an
interview? ✔️Ans - Likeability, self awareness = Check yourself, check your
bias before you enter the room, emapthy = acknowledging how the patient
feels, but you don't take on the patient's emotion, listening skills = make sure
the client feels that they are important to you, they shouldn't have to repeat
themselves
What are some external factors that impact an interview? ✔️Ans -
*Privacy/the perception of privacy* = ex: Geographic privacy - closing a door
OR Psychological privacy - curtain, keeping personal things personal like in a
nursing home or long-term care facility | *interruptions* = ex: phone calls,
rounding, pt. calls, ask politely to turn down radio or TV | *lighting* = needed
in order to evaluate physical appearnace | *room temp.* = ex: offer blankets |
*distractions* | *distance* = intimate - 18 in away from client where you can
determine body odor/breath, personal - 18 in to 4 ft. away where you can use
your stethoscope, social - 4 -5 ft not far way & not across the room using equal
height seating so the pt doesn't feel overpowered and use 90 degree seating
where you aren't sitting directly in front of them | *dress* = clean, wrinkle
free, don't smoke in uniform, pay attention to how the pt is dressed, is the pt
appropriately dressed? | *documentation* = don't have your back to the pt, it
shouldn't be a hinderance
