, MATHS TEXTBOOK
GRADE 9 NCAPS INFORMATION
The AUTHORS
MARK DAVID PHILLIPS
B.SC, H Dip Ed, B.Ed (cum laude) University of the Witwatersrand.
Mark Phillips has over twenty-five years of teaching experience in both state and private schools and has a
track record of excellent matric results. He has presented teacher training and learner seminars for various
educational institutions including Excelearn, Isabelo, Kutlwanong Centre for Maths, Science and
Technology, Learning Channel, UJ and Sci-Bono. Mark is currently a TV presenter on the national
educational show Geleza Nathi, which is broadcast on SABC 1. He has travelled extensively in the United
Kingdom, Europe and America, gaining invaluable international educational experience. Based on his
experiences abroad, Mark has successfully adapted and included sound international educational
approaches into this South African textbook. The emphasis throughout the textbook is on understanding
the processes of Mathematics.
JURGENS BASSON
B.A (Mathematics and Psychology) HED RAU (UJ)
Jurgens Basson is a Mathematics consultant with more than 25 years experience and expertise in primary,
secondary and tertiary education. His passion is the teaching of Mathematics to teachers, students and
learners. Jurgens founded and started the RAU / Oracle School of Maths in 2002 in partnership with
Oracle SA. Due to the huge success of this program in the community, there are now several similar
programs running in the previously disadvantaged communities that are being sponsored by corporate
companies. During 2012, one of his projects sponsored by Anglo Thermal Coal in Mpumalanga was voted
Best Community Project of the Year. Jurgens had the privilege to train and up skill more than 15 000
teachers countrywide since 2006. He was also part of the CAPS panel that implemented the new syllabus
for Grade 10 - 12 learners. He successfully co-authored the Mind Action Series Mathematics textbooks,
which received one of the highest ratings from the Department of Education.
JACO ODENDAAL
B.Sc (Mathematics and Applied Mathematics)
Jaco Odendaal has been an educator of Mathematics and Advanced Programme Mathematics for the past
ten years. He is currently the Head of Mathematics at Parktown Boys’ High School in Parktown,
Johannesburg. He has worked as a teacher trainer in many districts in Limpopo and Mpumalanga. Jaco
has a passion for Mathematics and the impact it can have in transforming our society. He has been
successful in teaching and tutoring Mathematics at all levels, from primary school to university level. He
has also worked with learners at both ends of the spectrum, from struggling to gifted learners. He is known
for his thorough, yet simple explanation of the foundational truths of Mathematics.
The CONCEPT
The focus in this textbook is on providing learners with crucial background knowledge and skills needed to
cope with Mathematics in the higher grades. The emphasis is on the understanding of concepts which are
reinforced through more than enough quality examples and exercises. Each exercise is based on given
concepts at a “standard grade” level in order to ensure that learners master the basics. At the end of each
chapter, revision exercises consolidate all of the concepts by providing learners with an opportunity to
tackle questions of a mixed nature. These are the typical examination-type questions. The challenge
questions are of a “higher grade” nature and serve to extend the learners and develop problem-solving
skills. The Grade 8 and 9 publications serve to bridge the gap between the Senior Phase and FET phase.
The educator’s guide contains approaches to the teaching of the particular topic, detailed solutions to the
exercises, and various assessment tasks. The publication is also available in e-book/e-pub format.
ENDORSEMENT
This textbook is truly amazing. It is such pleasure to be able to work through a book that has thorough
explanations and excellent examples. I am blown away with the different approaches and methodologies
used and the layout is user friendly. The exercises are lengthy and cater for students of varied abilities.
Each section is well presented and thoroughly researched. It is such a breath of fresh air to work with a
book that is completely CAPS aligned. The challenges at the end of the chapter really extend my learners
and I am able to alleviate the boredom of my bright learners while working with my weaker learners.
This textbook is truly in a league of its own and will help to raise the standard of Maths in this country.
Belinda Pretorius (Curro Inter-schools Head of Mathematics)
ii
, MATHEMATICS
TEXTBOOK
GRADE 9 NCAPS
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 WHOLE NUMBERS 1
CHAPTER 2 INTEGERS 34
CHAPTER 3 COMMON FRACTIONS 39
CHAPTER 4 DECIMAL FRACTIONS 47
CHAPTER 5 EXPONENTS 56
CHAPTER 6 NUMERIC AND GEOMETRIC PATTERNS 69
CHAPTER 7 FUNCTIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS 80
CHAPTER 8 ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS 94
CHAPTER 9 ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS 110
CHAPTER 10 CONSTRUCTIONS 127
CHAPTER 11 GEOMETRY OF 2D SHAPES 143
CHAPTER 12 GEOMETRY OF LINES 175
CHAPTER 13 THEOREM OF PYTHAGORAS 181
CHAPTER 14 AREA AND PERIMETER OF 2D SHAPES 191
CHAPTER 15 GRAPHS 212
CHAPTER 16 SURFACE AREA AND VOLUME OF 3D SHAPES 238
CHAPTER 17 TRANSFORMATIONS 254
CHAPTER 18 GEOMETRY OF 3D SHAPES 273
CHAPTER 19 DATA HANDLING 290
CHAPTER 20 PROBABILITY 308
iii
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