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Summary Testing Urine Samples
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  • Course
  • Unit 5
  • Institution
  • OCR

Revision notes on testing urine samples. A level biology OCR A revision notes. Notes on module 5: Communication, homeostasis and energy. Summary/ information you need to memorize for a level biology OCR A exams.

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  • December 4, 2023
  • 1
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

Subjects

  • testing urine samples
  • testing
  • urine
  • samples
  • biology
  • a level
  • doping
  • drugs
  • ocr a
  • revision notes
  • module 5
  • communication
  • homeostasis
  • energy
  • pregnancy test
  • monoclonal antibodies

Written for

  • A/AS Level
  • OCR
  • Biology A
  • Unit 5
All documents for this subject (112)

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Testing Urine Samples:
Testing Urine – Pregnancy Tests:
 When the embryo implants on the uterine lining, it produces
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
 It can be detected from 6 days after conception.
 The pregnancy test uses monoclonal antibodies to test for the
presence of hCG in the urine.

1. Urinate on the test stick.
2. hCG binds to mobile monoclonal antibodies (which are
attached to a blue bead of dye).
3. The mobile antibodies move down the test stick.
4. There is a fixed site which hCG-monoclonal antibody complexes
bind to – holding the beads of dye in place along a line – this is
the test line.
5. Mobile antibodies with no hCG bind to another fixed line
beyond this point (this is the control line that shows the test
has worked).


Testing Urine – Anabolic Steroid Tests:
 Tests for steroids look for the substance itself or for a product
of its breakdown.
 Gas chromatography & mass spectroscopy are used to analyse
samples.

1. The sample is vaporised & passed through a polymer containing
column. The substances in the column are separated out due to
different movement speeds.
2. The mass spectrometer converts these compounds into ions &
separated these by mass and charge.
3. The results are analysed and compared to known substances.

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