NR304 Exam 2 Questions with Correct Answers

NR304 Exam 2 Questions with Correct Answers what is CSF? - Answer-cerebrospinal fluid, there to cushion the brain what is the function of the brain stem? - Answer-controls the flow of messages between the brain and the body; in charge of basic functions such as breathing if there is a change in LOC, what could one possible reason be? (has to do with brain) - Answer-increased ICP in babies, if the neural tube doesn't develop properly what does this mean? - Answerthe brain stem is exposed because of decreased folic acid = spina bifida what is positive Babinski sign/response? - Answer-when testing the plantar reflex, the toes should flex and fan at what age should the Babinski sign/response become a negative (instead of positive) response? - Answer-once children reach the age of 2 or 2 1/2 what can a shrill cry indicate? - Answer-CNS damage what can lethargy and muscle weakness be indicative of? - Answer-neurological damage what happens to reflexes in pregnant women? - Answer-the nervous system becomes hyperexcited/hyperactive so increased reflexes what disorder is sometimes common but still dangerous in pregnant women? - Answerpregnancy induced HTN or preeclampsia what is clonus? - Answer-rapid, rhythmic contractions of the same muscle how do you check for clonus on a pregnant woman? - Answer-pushing on plantar reflex and foot should bounce right back what happens to the aging adult in regards to neurological function? - Answer-it decreases, response time for reflexes decreases, muscle strength and agility decrease, O2 consumption decreases what covers the heart? - Answer-pericardium what covers the lungs? - Answer-pleura what covers the abdomen? - Answer-peritineum what covers the brain? - Answer-meninges/dura what is a TIA? - Answer-trans = comes and goes ischemic = decrease of oxygenated blood flow to an organ (could be mins or hours until it returns) what is a CVA? - Answer-death of brain tissue and occur from anoxia or ischemia (difficult birth, head injuries, drowning, can be congenital, idiopathic) what do patients usually have (can see) when they have a CVA? - Answer-oras what should you do for Grand Mal seizures? - Answer-never put something in their mouth and support their head with your hand or something soft -TIME IT what are a few possible factors for Grand Mal's? - Answer-food, sugar, alcohol what do we know about Alzheimer's? - Answer-it affects both short and long term memory and it is a decrease in vitamin D what is decerebrate posture? - Answer-fingers are flared, neck is extended, back is curved, legs are spread what is decorticate posture? - Answer-everything pulls toward their core as the brain deteriorates what is a dermatone? - Answer-skin area that is supplied from one spinal cord segment through a particular spinal nerve what is a positive Brudzinski sign? - Answer-resistance in neck along with involuntary bending of hips and knees = nuchal rigidity, meningitis what is a syncope? - Answer-fainting or losing consciousness no matter how short of a time what is vertigo? - Answer-dizziness, usually from inner ear what is ptosis? - Answer-drooping of an eye