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Summary scientific papers Marine Systems (AEW-22806)
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A summary of all the scientific articles needed for the course Marine Systems (AEW-22806) at Wageningen University.
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Marine Systems (AEW-22806)Summary scientific papers
Nienke Klerks 2017
General articles
Adaptive governance, ecosystem management, and natural capital
natures capital = voorraad aan natuurlijke ecosystemen die een stroom van waardevolle producten
en diensten voortbrengt, nu en in de toekomst.ecosystem services worden gegenereerd door niet
alleen ecosystemen, maar door sociaal-ecologische systemen.adaptive governance = flexibele
samenwerking om adaptief de sociaal-ecologische systemen en ecosystem services te coördineren. 3
cases: Kristianstads Vakkenrike in zweden, Great BArrier Reef en SOuthern Ocean. Mental shift =
reframing of the human-nature relation. Simpele ecosystemen, zoals monoculturen, zzijn vatbaar
voor verstoringen
Institutional Dynamics in Environmental Governance → NOT REQUIRED
Er is een shift in governance. Om dit meer te begrijpen is een multidiciplinaire kijk nodig. Veel
diciplines geven een andere betekenis aan het woord governance. Er zijn 9 benaderingen:
good governance
governing without government: international relations
governing without government: self-organization
economic governance
corporate governance (‘good governance’ in the private sector)
New public management (‘good governance’ in the public sector)
governance in and by networks
multilevel governance
network governance: from hierarchies to networks (private)
Chapter 1: Institutional Dynamics in Environmental Governance
overall changes in environmental policies from 1980-1990:
MOre use of the terms conservation, sustainability etc. From 1990 environmental policy
became a multi-sector field.
Renewal of roles and responsibilities due to concepts like stakeholders approach, shared
responsibility etc. It became a multi-actor field
new forms of interactions and new practices in policy making are needed and it became a
multi-process or multi-rule.
The environmental policies is now multi-level.
institution = the phenomenon whereby over time day to day actors’ behaviour solidifies into patterns
and structures, whereas these patterns in turn structure day to day actors’ behaviour. Policy
arrangement = the temporary stabilization of the content and organisation of a particular policy
domain at a certain policy level or over several policy levels (in case of a multi-level goverance).4
dimensions:
actors and coalitions
Nienke Klerks Summary Articles AEW-22806 1
, Resources
Rules of the game
Discourses
Chapter 2: Political modernisation
political modernisation tries to capture the structural transformations in political domains in
contemporary societies, which have or may have consequences for the day to day policy practices. It
is a dualty between structural transformations and policy practices. It is an analytical tool to
understand change and stability of policy in a rapid changing world.
agency = individual of group abilities. structure refers to context. Visitations of the duality between
structure and agencies:
strategic-relational approach
morphogenetic approach
Institutions are seen as a set of rules that guide and constrain the behaviour of individual actors.
institutionalisation = process of production and reproduction of policy arrangements by which rules
of the game are formed and defended. structuralisation vs. stabilisation. political modernisation =
structural transformation processes within the political domain of society -->ongoing process of
structural conditioning.
Tabel 2.1! Political modernisation = shifting relationships between state, market and civil society in
political domains of societies as a manifestation of the ‘second stage of modernity’. Modernity =
modes of social life organization. 1 stage of modernisation: nation-state centred, 2e stage of
modernisation: nation-state model. we live in a global risk society as a consequence of the
modernisation process. transition from 1 2 modernity is characterised by the network society and risk
society. the relations between civil society, state and market shift due to horizontal and vertical
processes. horizontal shift: de-differentiation of state, market and civil society. vertical shifts =
glabalisation and individualisation. the process of political modernisation reflect different structures
and patterns of governance. now: multi-actor governance/ network governance → multi level
governance.
institutional analysis = analyse policy practices from a structural perspective, putting the conduct of
agencies between brackets, focus on processes of political modernisation and on the way these affect
the structural properties of policy arrangements. Structural properties are: Resources, discourses,
rules and agencies. institutional analysis:
1. selection and elaboration of relevant political modernisation processes
2. analysis of structural properties of policy arrangement A in relation to the selected structural
transformation processes
3. analysis of how these processes and properties relate to eachother
4. analysis how they constrain agents to act in a certain way
focus of the strategic analysis is on how agencies make use of rules, resources and discourses in order
to get things done. steps:
1. analysis of social interactions and policy outcomes
2. analysis of change or stabilization of structural properties
3. reinteration of step 1 and 2 for other policy arrangements
Nienke Klerks Summary Articles AEW-22806 2
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