a. Practical questions
b. Immediate solutions
c. Current problems in education
*d. Creating knowledge
2. What does AERA stand for?
a. American Evaluation Research Association
*b. American Educational Research Association
c. American Excellence Research Association
d. American Educational Reading Association
3. Applied research has as its primary focus
a. Basic learning processes
b. Theory testing
*c. Practical questions
d. Fundamental knowledge
4. Basic research has as its primary focus
a. Current educational interventions
b. Immediate solutions
c. Practical questions
*d. Fundamental knowledge
5. According to the text, basic and applied research should be viewed
as:
*a. The poles on a single continuum
b. Distinct categories
c. Logical categories
d. The same type of research
6. Action research
a. Is a form of basic research
*b. Is a form of applied research
, c. Is a form of research that deals with fundamental knowledge
d. Uses only qualitative methods
7. What general type of research is focused on solving specific
problems that local practitioners face in their schools and
communities?
a. Evaluation research
b. Basic research
*c. Action research
d. Orientational research
8. What general type of research is focused on collecting information
to help a researcher advance an ideological or political position?
a. Evaluation research
b. Basic research
c. Action research
*d. Orientational research
9. What type of evaluation is focused on improving an educational
program?
*a. Formative
b. Summative
c. Evaluative
d. Cost analysis
10. Needs assessment, theory assessment, implementation assessment,
impact assessment, and efficiency assessment are all currently
considered part of the field of evaluation.
*a. True
b. False
11. Which position says that knowledge comes from experience?
a. Rationalism
*b. Empiricism
c. Innatisim
d. Nativism
12. Which approach to reasoning goes "from the particular to the
general"?
a. Deductive
*b. Inductive
c. Abductive
, d. Retroductive
13. The theory testing approach to science is called:
a. The parsimony principle
b. The exploratory method
c. The inductive method
*d. The confirmatory method
14. The theory generation approach to science is called:
a. The parsimony principle
*b. The exploratory method
c. The deductive method
d. The confirmatory method
15. Which version of the scientific method goes from the particular to
the general (e.g., observationspatternstheory? That is, which is the
bottom up approach?
a. Deductive
*b. Inductive
c. Parsimony
d. Falsifiability
16. Which of the following is not a basic assumption of science?
a. Science cannot provide answers to all questions
b. It is possible to distinguish between more plausible and less
plausible claims
c. Researchers should follow certain agreed upon norms and
practices
*d. Science can solve value conflicts, such as whether abortion
is immoral
17. The rule of parsimony suggests that scientists should:
a. Use the most complex theory
b. Use an inductive method
c. Use experimental designs
*d. Prefer the simplest theory that works
18. Popper's criterion of falsifiability suggests that:
*a. Good theories are, in principle, refutable
b. Good theories are complex
c. Good theories are never falsifiable
d. Good theories are based on inductive logic
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