Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Why do we need a circulatory system?
Answer: 1) Small animals with a large surface area to volume ratio can rely on diffusion to exchange oxygen, CO2 and nutrients with their environment. 2) Large animals have a small surface area to volume ratio, therefore diffusion alone is insufficient for cells further away from the organism surface. 3) Circulatory system - transport fluids containing nutrients, oxygen and waste.
2.
Single circulatory system
Answer: 1) Blood passes through the heart once during one complete circuit of the body e.g fish. 2) The heart only has one atrium and one ventricle. 3) Flow of blood - deoxygenated blood is pumped to the gills, from the heart. The gills are the gas exchange site. Oxygenated blood flows from the gills to the rest of the body.
3.
Flow of blood in order:
Answer: 1) Inferior/Superior Vena Carva 2) Right Atrium 3) Atrioventricular valve (AV valve) 4) Right Ventricle 5) Pulmonary Arteries 6) Lungs 7) Pulmonary Veins 8) Left Atrium 9) Atrioventricular valve (AV valve) 10) Left ventricle 11) Aortic valve 12) Aorta 13) Rest of the body
4.
Double circulatory system:
Answer: 1) In mammals, the blood passes through the heart twice during a single circuit of the body. This results in the heart having a right and left side (separated by the septum). 2) Blood on the right side travels to the lungs and returns to the left side of the heart before being pumped around the rest of the body. 3) Once blood has gone through the body, it returns to the right side of the heart.
5.
Open circulatory system in insects:
Answer: 1) Insects have one main blood vessel (dorsal vessel). The heart will pump blood, which will travel through the dorsal vessel. 2) The dorsal vessel delivers blood into the body cavity. 3) Blood will surround the organs; it will eventually return to the heart via valves called \'ostia\'. 4) Insects can survive with a less efficient system as they have oxygen delivered directly to the tissues via tracheae.
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