Path 854 Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions.
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Course
Path 854
Institution
Path 854
Path 854 Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions.
A group of risk factors that raise a persons risk for diabetes and vascular diseases (MI, stroke) is called
metabolic syndrome
The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome- large ______line/ abdonminal ________, elevated __________, ________ HDL choles...
Path 854 Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions.
A group of risk factors that raise a persons risk for diabetes and vascular
diseases (MI, stroke) is called
metabolic syndrome
The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome- large ______line/ abdonminal ________,
elevated __________, ________ HDL cholesterol, __________ BP and fasting BG
waist, obesity, triglycerides, low, elevated
Insulin stimulates that liver to store glucose as
glycogen
When glucose metabolism is altered you have
pre diabetes/diabetes
Insulin resistance and insulin deficiency cause a
altered glucose metabolism
T1DM relationship with insulin
absolute deficiency
T2DM relationship with insulin
resistance
T1DM is caused by
autoimmune destruction of beta cells
Factors leading to T1DM (3)
genetics, illness, environment
TIDM is also called
juvenile diabetes
Which type of diabetes is the most common?
Type 2
T2DM is caused by progressive loss of
beta cell insulin secretion
Factors leading to T2DM (4)
obesity, HTN, low HDL, high triglycerides
What trimester does gestational diabetes develop?
2 or 3
GDM treatment (3)
nutrition therapy, physical activity, weight management
Diabetes can be diagnosed by a fasting plasma glucose greater than
126 mg/dL
Diabetes can be diagnosed by an A1c greater than
6.5%
Diabetes can be diagnosed by a 2 hour plasma glucose greater than
200 mg/DL
A1c is also called the _______________ test
glaciated hemoglobin
What is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes?
ASCVD
What is the #1 cause of blindness in adults 20-74
retinopathy
, CKD occurs in _________% of diabetics and is the leading cause of _________
renal disease in diabetics
20-40%, end-stage
What measures the amount of glucose attached to hemoglobin
A1c
How long is a RBC lifespan?
3 months
Prediabetes is also called
impaired fasting glucose
What are the 3 "poly" symptoms of diabetes?
polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
Other common symptoms of diabetes are- fatigue, poor ________, frequent
_______, vaginal yeast ________, blurred _________, weight ________, pain or
numbness in ______
healing, infections, infections, vision, loss, feet
hypoglycemia is a BG less than
70 mg/dL
What are the 8 main symptoms of hypoglycemia? (S,S,D,C,H,W,H,N)
shaky, sweaty, dizzy, confusion, hungry, weak, headache, nervous
What occurs when a person is insulin deficient and glucose isn't being used so
the liver breaks down fat producing ketones
diabetic ketoacidosis
A sign of ketoacidosis is
fruity breath
What are the 3 types of endocrine disorders? (hormone)
excess, deficiency, resistance
A primary endocrine disorder is an abnormality
in the gland
A secondary endocrine disorder is an abnormality
in stimulation from the pituitary
A tertiary endocrine disorder is an abnormality
in stimulation from the hypothalamus
What are the endocrine axes?
hypothalamic hormones and pituitary hormones
3 endocrine axes- hypothalamic-pituitary __________
adrenal, thyroid, gonadal
TRH, CRH, GnRH, GHRH are what type of hormones
hypothalamic
GH, FSH/LH, TSH, ACTH are what type of hormones
pituitary
T4 is inactive until
converted into T3 in the tissues
what type of feedback do T3 and T4 exert on the hypothalamus and pituitary?
negative feedback
Thyroid hormone is stimulated by
TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone)
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