which of the following would be an abnormal findin
clear urine there is a decrease in urine output fo
the neurosurgeon has decided to perform an invasiv
which of the following patient presentatio
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ENPC Exam Prep / Exam Questions
Which of the following would be an abnormal finding in a patient with glomerulonephritis? - ANS
Clear urine There is a decrease in urine output for patients with glomerulonephritis. Urine would
be concentrated and dark brown/tea-colored.
Clear urine There is a decrease in urine output for patients with glomerulonephritis. Urine would
be concentrated and dark brown/tea-colored. - ANS Administration of nebulized epinephrine
Moderate to severe croup is treated with dexamethasone and nebulized epinephrine.
The neurosurgeon has decided to perform an invasive procedure in the emergency department to
monitor the intracranial pressure on a 5-year-old patient. The family does not speak English and
has identified their religion as Muslim. Which of the following interventions is most supportive of
the family? - ANS Allow the extended family members to serve as interpreters during the
procedure.
Which of the following patient presentations should increase suspicion of potential child
maltreatment? - ANS Bruising to the left ear of a newborn from sleeping on his side Any bruise in
a non-exploratory location in children younger than 4 years and any bruising in a child younger
than 4 months (TEN-4) are cause for suspicion of abuse
Bruising to the left ear of a newborn from sleeping on his side Any bruise in a non-exploratory
location in children younger than 4 years and any bruising in a child younger than 4 months
(TEN-4) are cause for suspicion of abuse - ANS Commotio cordis Commotio cordis occurs when
the chest is struck during the refractory period of the cardiac conduction cycle, resulting in a
ventricular dysrhythmia or asystole. This type of injury usually occurs in recreational sports such
as baseball or ice hockey
A 12-year-old who was recently started on anti-psychotic medication for schizophrenia is brought
to the emergency department with severe muscle rigidity and hyperthermia. These symptoms are
most likely caused by which of the following? - ANS Neuroleptic malignant syndrome These are
classic symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, which is a rare reaction to antipsychotic
medications.
Which of the following patients should be evaluated first - ANS An 18-month-old with bilious
emesis Bilious emesis in an 18-month-old is always considered an emergent symptom indicative
of a life-threatening bowel obstruction.
1. Which of the following tasks can the nurse do to decrease adverse medication events? - ANS
Obtain the patient's weight in kilograms This is the preferred measurement for medication
calculations for pediatric and adult patients
Acute chest syndrome, stroke, and splenic sequestration are complications of which of the
following diseases? - ANS Sickle cell anemia These are all complications of sickle cell anemia.
, During the assessment of a 16-year-old male patient, the ED nurse identifies him as a potential
sex trafficking victim. The trauma informed approach to care emphasizes certain principles in
caring for these types of patients. Which of the following care principles has the highest priority?
- ANS Physical and psychological safety Create an environment where patients feel safe, both
physically and psychologically. Increase awareness of the patient's interpersonal interactions with
others to screen for risk of harm. Prioritize the patient being in a safe location
A 6-month-old is brought to the emergency department for a recurrent respiratory infection. When
gathering a history from the caregiver, the emergency nurse learns that, in addition to the
respiratory symptoms, the infant has had fatty stools. The emergency nurse should be concerned
about which of the following disease processes? - ANS Cystic Fibrosis Pancreatic insufficiency
leads to fat malabsorption, which results in the fatty stools seen with cystic fibrosis.
The emergency nurse is caring for a patient with significant facial trauma and a suspected globe
rupture. Which of the following medication orders would the nurse question? - ANS
Succinylcholine Succinylcholine may increase intraocular pressure and should be avoided.
A 7-year-old arrives via ambulance. The patient's mother reports witnessing a seizure at home.
The patient has no seizure history. Upon examination, the patient is postictal with a heart rate of
142 beats per minute, respiratory rate of 36 breaths per minute, and blood pressure of 86/72 mm
Hg. Significant burns are noted to the patient's back and lower extremities. The mother states the
burns accidentally occurred 3 days ago, but she was afraid to bring the patient in due to an
ongoing child welfare investigation. Which of the following are the MOST appropriate immediate
interventions? - ANS Draw and send a metabolic panel, administer a fluid bolus, and obtain a
point of care glucose Significant burns can cause electrolyte imbalances. Electrolyte imbalances
may be the cause of the patient's seizure. Electrolyte imbalances need to be identified and treated.
In which of the following primary survey components can assessment of the fontanel provide the
most useful information? - ANS Circulation and disability A sunken fontanel may indicate
dehydration; a bulging fontanel can indicate increased intracranial pressure.
A 5-year-old patient presents to the emergency department with severe dehydration due to viral
gastroenteritis. He has signs of shock due to his hypovolemia. Which of the following physiologic
responses to shock has the greatest impact on improving cardiac output in the pediatric patient? -
ANS Increasing heart rate In pediatric patients, tachycardia is the primary compensatory
mechanism to increase cardiac output.
A toddler has a chemical eye injury. Which of the following is the priority intervention? - ANS
Increasing heart rate In pediatric patients, tachycardia is the primary compensatory mechanism to
increase cardiac output.
A 5 year-old with no health problems presents to the Emergency Department with a sudden onset
of chest pain and shortness of breath. Parents state that the family was involved in a bad car
crash one week ago. A thorough assessment and workup has not revealed any abnormalities.
Which of the following steps is the best next step to take? - ANS Ask about any new bed-wetting
or sleep disturbances Pediatric patients with anxiety and PTSD may present with physical
complaints. Assess for other behavioral symptoms to facilitate appropriate care and follow-up.
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