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Summary Goederenrecht - Goederenrecht
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Deze samenvatting bevat een gehele samenvatting van de lessen goederenrecht samen met het volledige boek en de nodige voorbeelden.
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Inhoudsopgave1 INLEIDING: WAT IS GOEDERENRECHT?.............................................................................7
1.1 Situering..................................................................................................................................7
1.2 Omschrijving............................................................................................................................7
1.3 Uitsluiting................................................................................................................................8
1.3.1 Extrapatrimoniale rechten......................................................................................................................8
1.3.2 Verbintenissen en vorderingsrechten....................................................................................................8
1.3.3 Intellectuele rechten...............................................................................................................................9
1.3.4 Zakelijke rechten.....................................................................................................................................9
1.4 Waar te vinden........................................................................................................................9
1.5 Krachtlijnen van het nieuwe goederenrecht..........................................................................10
1.5.1 Geïntegreerde benadering van het goederenrecht.............................................................................10
1.5.2 Instrumentalisering van het goederenrecht.........................................................................................10
1.5.3 Modernisering van het goederenrecht................................................................................................10
1.5.4 Flexibilisering van het goederenrecht..................................................................................................11
2 INDELING DER GOEDEREN..............................................................................................11
2.1 Terminologie.........................................................................................................................11
2.1.1 Goederen..............................................................................................................................................11
2.1.2 Dieren...................................................................................................................................................11
2.1.3 Lichamelijke voorwerpen vs. Onlichamelijke voorwerpen..................................................................11
2.1.4 Vruchten en opbrengsten.....................................................................................................................12
2.2 Verschillende categorieën.....................................................................................................12
2.2.1 Goederen of geen goederen.................................................................................................................12
2.2.2 Goederen die aan (n)iemand toebehoren............................................................................................13
2.3 Eigendom...............................................................................................................................13
2.3.1 Eigendomstheorie gevonden – verborgen en niet opgehaalde goederen..........................................13
2.3.1.1 Eigendomstheorie gevonden goederen.......................................................................................13
2.3.1.2 Eigendomstheorie verborgen goederen.......................................................................................14
2.3.1.3 Eigendomstheorie niet opgehaalde goederen.............................................................................14
2.4 Onderscheid publieke en private goederen...........................................................................15
2.4.1 Publieke goederen................................................................................................................................15
2.4.2 Openbaar domein.................................................................................................................................15
2.4.3 Affectatie..............................................................................................................................................15
2.4.4 Desaffectatie.........................................................................................................................................15
2.4.5 Privaat domein......................................................................................................................................15
2.4.6 Belang onderscheidt publieke en private goederen............................................................................15
2.4.6.1 Goederen van het openbaar domein...........................................................................................15
2.4.6.2 Goederen van het privaat domein................................................................................................16
2.5 Verbruikbare goederen..........................................................................................................16
2.6 Vervangbare goederen – soortgoederen...............................................................................16
2.6.1 Vervangbare goederen.........................................................................................................................16
2.6.2 Soortgoederen......................................................................................................................................17
2.7 Deelbaar – tegenwoordig......................................................................................................17
2.8 Roerend en onroerend..........................................................................................................17
2.9 Repertoriëring.......................................................................................................................18
2.9.1 Repertoriëring van onroerende goederen: AAPD (kadaster)...............................................................18
1
, 2.9.2 Repertoriëring van onroerende goederen: AGIV.................................................................................18
2.9.2.1 E-voorkooploket............................................................................................................................18
2.9.3 Repertoriëring van onroerende goederen: hypotheekstelsel..............................................................19
2.9.4 Repertoriëring van roerende goederen...............................................................................................20
2.9.5 Belang van het onderscheid roerend/ onroerend................................................................................20
2.10 Indeling onroerende goederen............................................................................................20
2.10.1 Onroerende goederen uit hun aard...................................................................................................21
2.10.1.1 Verenigd met de grond op natuurlijke wijze..............................................................................21
2.10.1.2 Verenigd met de grond op kunstmatige wijze............................................................................21
2.10.1.3 Onroerend door incorporatie.....................................................................................................22
2.10.2 Onroerende goederen door bestemming..........................................................................................22
2.10.2.1 Verfraaiingsbestemming/ ornamentele bestemming................................................................23
2.10.2.2 Economische bestemming..........................................................................................................23
2.10.2.2.1 Voorwaarden (art. 524 oud BW).........................................................................................23
2.10.2.2.2 Gevolgen.............................................................................................................................24
2.10.3 Onroerende goederen door voorwerp...............................................................................................25
2.10.3.1 Rechten.......................................................................................................................................25
2.11 Indeling roerende goederen................................................................................................25
2.11.1 Roerende goederen uit hun aard.......................................................................................................25
2.11.2 Roerende goederen door wetsbepaling/voorwerp...........................................................................26
2.11.2.1 Rechten.......................................................................................................................................26
2.12 Nieuw goederenrecht..........................................................................................................26
2.12.1 Onroerende goederen uit hun aard:..................................................................................................26
2.12.2 Onroerende goederen door incorporatie:.........................................................................................26
2.12.3 Onroerende goederen door bestemming: integratie in het accessoriteitsbeginsel (art. 3.9)...........27
2.12.4 Onroerende goederen door het voorwerp waarop ze betrekking hebben.......................................27
2.12.5 Roerende goederen: residuaire categorie + roerende goederen door anticipatie (vervoegde
roerend making)............................................................................................................................................27
3 ZAKELIJKE RECHTEN.......................................................................................................27
3.1 Begrip....................................................................................................................................27
3.1.1 Obligatoir recht (vorderingsrecht, persoonlijk recht)..........................................................................28
3.1.2 Zakelijk recht.........................................................................................................................................28
3.1.2.1 Gesloten systeem..........................................................................................................................28
3.1.2.1.1 Numerus clausus regel – grondslag......................................................................................28
3.1.2.1.2 Numerus clausus regel – betekenis......................................................................................29
3.1.2.2 Volgrecht voorrang.......................................................................................................................29
3.1.2.3 Absolute werking..........................................................................................................................30
3.2 Eigendom...............................................................................................................................30
3.2.1 Algemeen..............................................................................................................................................31
3.2.2 Historische context...............................................................................................................................31
3.2.3 Definitie................................................................................................................................................31
3.2.4 Algemeen..............................................................................................................................................31
3.3 Omvang eigendomsrecht.......................................................................................................32
3.3.1 Omvang.................................................................................................................................................32
3.3.2 Schending of niet..................................................................................................................................34
3.3.3 Feitelijk gedogen als go between.........................................................................................................34
3.3.4 Omvang eigendomsrecht.....................................................................................................................34
3.3.4.1 Onvervreemdbaarheid..................................................................................................................35
3.3.4.1.1 Materiële beschikkingsbevoegdheid....................................................................................35
3.3.4.1.2 Juridische beschikkingsbevoegdheid....................................................................................35
3.3.4.1.3 Wettelijke onvervreemdbaarheid.........................................................................................36
3.3.4.1.4 Gerechtelijke onvervreemdbaarheid....................................................................................36
3.3.4.1.5 Conventionele onvervreemdbaarheid..................................................................................36
2
, 3.3.4.2 Volheid van bevoegdheden..........................................................................................................37
3.3.5 Afbakening van de onroerende goederen............................................................................................37
3.3.5.1 Verticale afbakening.....................................................................................................................37
3.3.5.2 Horizontale afbakening.................................................................................................................37
4 VERWERVING VAN ZAKELIJKE RECHTEN.........................................................................38
4.1 Afgeleid en oorspronkelijk.....................................................................................................38
4.2 Bezit......................................................................................................................................38
4.2.1 Aminus en corpus of detentie..............................................................................................................39
4.2.1.1 Moreel element............................................................................................................................39
4.2.1.2 Materieel element........................................................................................................................39
4.2.2 Deugdelijk.............................................................................................................................................40
4.2.3 Rechtsbescherming...............................................................................................................................41
4.2.4 Roerende goederen..............................................................................................................................41
4.2.5 Onroerende goederen..........................................................................................................................42
4.3 Remedies...............................................................................................................................43
4.3.1 Eigendomsvordering.............................................................................................................................43
4.3.2 Bezitsvordering.....................................................................................................................................43
4.4 Natrekking.............................................................................................................................43
4.4.1 Roerende natrekking............................................................................................................................44
4.4.2 Onroerende natrekking........................................................................................................................44
4.4.2.1 Eigendomsconflicten.....................................................................................................................44
4.4.3 Natuurlijke natrekking..........................................................................................................................45
5 VRUCHTGEBRUIK...........................................................................................................45
5.1 Omschrijving en kenmerken..................................................................................................45
5.1.1 Kenmerken............................................................................................................................................46
5.1.2 Duur......................................................................................................................................................46
5.2 Aanwas gemeenschappelijk of gezamenlijk vruchtgebruik....................................................47
5.3 Overdracht en waardering.....................................................................................................47
5.3.1 Waardering...........................................................................................................................................48
5.3.2 Voorwerp..............................................................................................................................................48
5.3.3 Geen onverdeeldheid...........................................................................................................................48
5.4 Vestiging................................................................................................................................48
5.4.1 Door de wet..........................................................................................................................................48
5.4.2 Door een titel........................................................................................................................................49
5.4.3 Door verkrijgende verjaring..................................................................................................................49
5.5 Afbakening............................................................................................................................49
5.6 Rechten en plichten...............................................................................................................50
5.6.1 Plichten van de VG bij het ontstaan/aanvang van het VG...................................................................50
5.6.2 Rechten en plichten bij uitoefening.....................................................................................................50
5.6.2.1 Rechten en plichten van de VG tijdens het VG.............................................................................50
5.6.2.1.1 Gebruik..................................................................................................................................50
5.6.2.1.2 Genot (vruchten)...................................................................................................................50
5.6.2.1.3 Beheer...................................................................................................................................51
5.7 Einde of tenietgedaan............................................................................................................52
5.7.1 Einde van VG.........................................................................................................................................53
5.7.2 Einde van VG – bijzondere gevallen.....................................................................................................53
6 RECHT VAN ERFPACHT EN RECHT VAN OPSTAL...............................................................53
6.1 Erfpacht.................................................................................................................................53
3
, 6.1.1 Definitie................................................................................................................................................53
6.1.2 Historisch..............................................................................................................................................53
6.1.3 Toepassingen........................................................................................................................................54
6.1.4 Wettelijk kader.....................................................................................................................................54
6.1.5 Titularis.................................................................................................................................................54
6.1.6 Voorwerp..............................................................................................................................................54
6.1.7 Duur......................................................................................................................................................54
6.1.8 Voortijdige beëindiging.........................................................................................................................55
6.1.9 Vestigingswijzen...................................................................................................................................55
6.1.10 Bezwarend karakter............................................................................................................................56
6.1.11 Rechten en verplichtingen..................................................................................................................56
6.1.11.1 Rechten.......................................................................................................................................56
6.1.11.2 Verplichtingen.............................................................................................................................56
6.1.12 Einde...................................................................................................................................................57
6.2 Recht van opstal....................................................................................................................58
6.2.1 Definitie................................................................................................................................................58
6.2.2 Historisch..............................................................................................................................................58
6.2.3 Toepassingen........................................................................................................................................58
6.2.4 Voorwerp..............................................................................................................................................59
6.2.5 Kenmerken............................................................................................................................................59
6.2.6 Opstal vs. Afstand van natrekking........................................................................................................59
6.2.7 Duur......................................................................................................................................................60
6.2.8 Eeuwigdurend.......................................................................................................................................60
6.2.9 Rechten en plichten..............................................................................................................................60
6.2.9.1 Rechten.........................................................................................................................................60
6.2.9.2 Plichten.........................................................................................................................................61
6.2.9.3 Rechten en plichten bij het einde.................................................................................................61
6.2.10 Einde...................................................................................................................................................61
6.2.10.1 Gevolgen.....................................................................................................................................62
6.2.11 Opstal vs. Accesoir opstalrecht...........................................................................................................62
6.3 Vergelijking erfpacht en opstal..............................................................................................62
7 BURENRELATIES.............................................................................................................62
7.1 Erfdienstbaarheden...............................................................................................................63
7.1.1 Definitie................................................................................................................................................63
7.1.2 Voorwaarden........................................................................................................................................63
7.1.3 Kenmerken............................................................................................................................................64
7.1.4 Soorten.................................................................................................................................................64
7.1.5 Afstanden..............................................................................................................................................65
7.1.6 Erfdienstbaarheden versus dienstbaarheden......................................................................................65
7.1.7 Bronnen................................................................................................................................................66
7.1.7.1 Wettelijke erfdienstbaarheden.....................................................................................................66
7.1.7.1.1 Onderscheid uitweg versus overgang...................................................................................67
7.1.7.2 Erfdienstbaarheden gevestigd door menselijk handelen.............................................................68
7.1.8 Gebruik van het lijdend erf...................................................................................................................69
7.1.9 Toestand van het lijdend erf.................................................................................................................69
7.1.10 Duur....................................................................................................................................................70
7.1.11 Einde...................................................................................................................................................70
7.1.12 Beëindiging van de EDBH....................................................................................................................71
7.2 Burenrelatie...........................................................................................................................71
7.2.1 Burenhinder..........................................................................................................................................71
7.2.2 Gemene afsluiting of mandeligheid.....................................................................................................72
7.2.2.1 Omvang van de aandelen.............................................................................................................73
7.2.2.2 Bewijs van mandeligheid..............................................................................................................73
7.2.2.3 Bijzondere wijzen van ontstaan van madeligheid........................................................................73
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