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Summary Why did Japan desire an empire?
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Detailed notes on the rise of nationalism in Japan and how this led to their involvement in WW2. Obtained an A* overall
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ExpansionismGovernment - Depression it Japan very hard
- Emperor Hirohito’s enthronement in 1928 provided a - Population was growing by one million per year
sharp contrast between the lavish court ceremony and the government found they were unable to
and the impoverished countryside feed their people
- The mood in the country was patriotic and exploited - After 1929, rice had to be imported to prevent
by nationalists who were growing with increasing starvation
influence - Subsistent Farmers were struggling the most
- Japanese nationalism had clear expansionist aims - Tariffs imposed by America and Europe dropped
which reflected its hierarchical society Japanese exports by 40% between 1929 and 1930
- Japanese children were taught that they were a - Government tried to solve the problem by
superior race and there were racist attitudes towards emigration but this failed and expansionism grew in
the Chinese popularity
- There was a backlash against Westernisation which - Nationalist in the army believed that the solution
was particularly prevalent in the army which enjoyed was to colonise China, exploit its natural resources
strong influence over the government in the 1920s and relieve the overcrowding in Japan
- Talks of a coup d’etat by the nationalist movement Why did Japan desire an - China seemed to be in desperate need of a stable
but it decided to force the government’s hand in government as its Emperor had been overthrown
empire? in 1911 and the country was under the control of
relation to the Manchurian project
local warlords
- Japan was in a strong position in a close Chinese
province of Manchuria- 70% of foreigners there
were Japanese and 35% of investment was
Japanese, including the Southern Manchurian
Railway
Relations with other world powers • Helped to spread political and economic
- Relations with other powers in early 1930s seemed to influence for Japan
provide good reasons for Japan’s expansion into China
- Victory in the Russo-Japanese War, helped Japan to gain
world power status, ended rivalry with Russia in the Far KEY FACTORS
East and allowed them to annex Korea- increasing their
sphere of influence • Rise in nationalism
- After the Bolshevik revolution they were appreciated by • The economy
the Europe as an ally against communism • Failure of the government
- Washington Naval Treaty 1921-22 restricted Japanese • Japan’s international
naval development to 70% of Britain’s and America’s. status + China
- 1930 London Naval Treaty helped widen the existing
division between the civilian and military authorities in
Japan
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