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Summary How important was the attack on Pearl Harbor to the USA's decision to declare war on Germany and Japan?
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Essay plan on the attack on Pearl Harbor . Great for revision! Obtained an A* overall
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Theme: Ideological differences Theme: Economic interests Theme: Attack on Pearl HarborReasons to declare war: Reasons to declare war: Reasons to declare war:
- Germany and Japan’s Three Power Pact - Under Lend and Lease they had committed themselves to the allies and - Direct attack on naval base in Hawaii
- Atlantic Charter between Churchill and Roosevelt would want to get the money back - Surprised and unprovoked attack
- America wanted to ensure democracy - Protect interests
- Atrocities in China- rape of Nanjing Why did this lead to the declaration? - Declare war the day after = trigger
Why did this lead to the declaration? - Argue that the overturning of the 1936 Neutrality Act inadvertently Why did this lead to the declaration?
involved America in the war as they were directly helping the allies and
- America’s declaration of war on Japan allowed the Three were on their side - Response of the American people was already beginning to
Power Pact to happen and for Germany to declare war on change but the attack solidified it
America and for America to declare war on Germany - Analysis: - Troops died
primary reason at the time for declaration - Japan declared war whilst they attacked so it was difficult not
- Atrocities in China started to sway public opinion - - They lent money and equipment to the allies as they thought their to instigate war themselves
totalitarianism vs. democracy - USA proclaimed themselves position in the war was just as they were ideologically opposed to fascism
to be “Guardians of Freedom” Analysis:
- Long term cause of tension Compare to PH:
- It is the trigger cause- reason they declared war at that time
Analysis: - Despite Congress recognising war was more likely and their monetary but not the ultimate reason why they would have declared
aid to the allies, they could not declare war fully without the support of war
- Despite public opinion being swayed before PH 79% of the the people. It was PH that swayed public opinion and allowed the war to - Doesn’t mean they would declare war on Germany - without
population still did not want to go to war despite conflicting happen Germany and Japan’s alliance declaration on Germany was
ideologies and the atrocities - could have led to the war at a never certain
different point - Argue that ideological difference was the long term factor as
- Russia and USA had conflicting ideologies yet America was How important was the attack on Pearl Japan and Germany were fascist totalitarian states and
willing to go to war on their side, could argue that ideologies Harbor to the USA’s decision to declare war America was the ‘Guardian of Freedom’ - war was likely in
was not the underlying reason on Germany and Japan? the long term as this was a persistent conflict
- Roosevelt’s decision to enter the war was already made but
Compare to PH: it was this event that led to sway of public opinion- desire
was there (gov.) but this was the decision
- Pearl Harbor did not directly instigate America’s declaration
of war on Germany, but the Three Power Pact forced them to Theme: Rivalry in the Pacific
- USA wanted to go to war against Germany because of
ideological difference Reasons to declare war:
- PH was a trigger cause not the underlying one
- Japan was gaining influence in the Far East which threatened US interests in this area
- US did not want its neighbours to be two totalitarian nations- Japan and Germany
Why did this lead to the declaration?
Analysis:
Compare to PH:
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