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Samenvatting Ademhaling Orgaansystemen
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complete samenvatting van het blok orgaansystemen '' Ademhaling'' met functionele plaatsjes en belangrijke sidenotes.
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ORGAANSYSTEMEN ADEMHALINGANATOMIE
Het ademhalingsstelstel is bestaat uit:
1. Bovenste luchtwegen:
- Cavum nasi (neusholte)
- Cavum oris (mondholdte)
- Pharynx (keelholte)
2. Onderste luchtwegen:
- Larynx (strottenhoofd)
- Trachea (luchtpijp)
- Bronchi
- Pulmo(nes) (long)
Palatum durum: harde gehemelte
Palatum mole: zachte gehemelte
De pharynx kan je onderverdelen in 3 delen:
1. Naso pharynx: gelijk achter de neusholte
2. Oro pharynx: gelijk achter de mondholte
3. Laryngopharynx: onder de mondholte
De larynx kun je ook onderverdelen:
1. Cartilago thyroidea: ademsappel/schildkraakbeen, grootste kraakbeen gedeelte
van de larynx.
2. Cartilago cricoidea: ringkraakbeen direct onder schildkraakbeen, zorgt voor
ondersteuning van het strottenhoofd.
In totaal zijn er 6 neusbijholtes (zijn holle ruimtes in de botten van de schedel met lucht die
in verbinding staan met de neusholte):
- 2 x sinus maxillaris (in bovenkaakbot)
- 2 x sinus frontalis (in voorhoofd)
- 2 x sinus sphenoidalis (op ooghoogte in het midden)
, Larynx
1. Auditus laryngis (verbind pharnyx met larynx)
2. Vestibulum laryngis
3. Trachea
4. Valse stembanden (plica verstibularis)
5. Ware stembanden (plica vocalis )
6. Ventriculus laryngi
7. Valse stemspleet (niet variabel) (rima vestibularis)
8. Ware stemspleet (variabel) (rima glottidis)
NOTE: Bij ademhaling staat de glottis open, bij spreken gaat
die dicht/open. Hoe meer stembanden worden uitgerekt,
hoe zwaarder de stem.
NOTE: De ware stembanden zijn gehecht aan kraakbeen. Dit
kraakbeen kan bewegen dankzij spieren.
Figuur 1: Frontale doorsnede larynx
* Cartilago thyroidea
1. Cartilago cricoidea
2. Cartilago arythenoidea (ondersteunen stembanden)
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