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samenvatting fungi

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Dit is een samenvatting van het onderdeel fungi van het vak practicum: basisobservaties cytologie histologie en anatomie

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  • December 14, 2023
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  • 2022/2023
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Fungi

1. Er zijn meer dan 3,5 miljoen soorten fungi
2. Fungi nauwer verwant met dieren dan met planten
3. Ascomycota & basidiomycota (meer
geëvolueerde groepen) vormen paddenstoelen
4. Voortplanting door sporen
5. Lichaam opgebouwd uit hyfen (zwamdraden)
 vertakken en vormen mycelium
(zwamvlok)
6. Grootste organisme op aarde is een zwam
7. Fungi zijn heterotroof
- Velen zijn saprotroof (= zich voeden met
dood organisch materiaal)
8. Fungi vollen sleutelrollen in alle ecosystemen
- Saprotrofen / recycleerders
- Mycorrhizavormers
- Biocontrole
- Rol in voedselketens
- Regelen klimaat: regenmakers
9. Paddenstoelen: eetbaar versus giftig
- Onechte paddenstoelenvergiftigingen
 Indigestie: braakneigingen, buikpijn, diarree
 Ingebeeld: zweten, hartkloppingen
 Voedselvergiftiging: geen te oude paddenstoelen eten
 Intolerantieverschijnselen
 Overgevoeligheid: aangeboren of verworven (allergie)
- Echte paddenstoelenvergiftigingen (grote latentietijden)
 Groene knolamaniet
 Kleverige knolamaniet
 Vaalroze parasolzwam
 Gegordelde parasolzwam
 Bundelmosklokje
 Giftige gordijnzwam
- Echte paddenstoelenvergiftigingen (korte latentietijden)
 Muscarine-syndroom
 Elfenschermpje
 Puntig kaalkopje  psychotrope syndromen
 Vliegenzwam
 Kale inktzwam  Coprinus-syndroom  enkel in combinatie met
alcohol
- Goede kant vd medaille
 Truffels
 Eekhoorntjesbrood
 Weidechampignon
10. Fungi: hoofdrolspelers in farmacie
- Vb: penicilline

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