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Samenvatting koolhydraten
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Samenvatting van 4 pagina's voor het vak aan de Fontys (koolhydraten)
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KoolhydratenKoolhydraten, sachariden of de suikers genoemd zijn belangrijkste energieleveranciers in
westerse voeding
Monosachariden of enkelvoudige suikers
- 1 monosacharide molecule
Bv glucose, fructose of galactose (kopen vooral voor in groentes, fruit en melk)
Glucose (druivensuiker) galactose (melkproducten) fructose (fruit)
Disachariden of tweevoudige suikers
- 2 monosacharide-moleculen
Bv saccharose (witte suiker) lactose (glucose en galactose)en maltose
Oligosachariden
- Meerdere monosacharide -moleculen
- Oligofructose
- Voedingsvezelwerking
Polysaccharide of de meervoudige suikers
- Bestaan uit duizenden monosachariden aan elkaar
- Reserve koolhydraten
Bv zetmeel (energieleverancier planten) en glycogen (mens, dier)
Mono- en disachariden (enkelvoudige koolhydraten) worden in suiker genoemd
De polysachariden (meervoudige koolhydraten) worden de granen of de volkoren
genoemd
Koolhydraten:
- Slechts kleine hoeveelheid koolhydraten nodig om normale stofwisseling te
hebben, nu minimum 55% van onze energie komt vanuit onze koolhydraten,
welke koolhydraten de belangrijkste energieleveranciers zijn hebbben we een te
vetrijke voedsel in het westen
- Energileveranciers (min 55% van onze energie)
1 g Koolhydraten = 4kcal
- Effect op de glycemie
Snel opneembare koolhydraten (enkel koolhydraten) ‘piek’
Traag opneembare Kh (meerv Kh) ‘geleidelijk’
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