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De inhoudstabel van de samenvatting
Stofklassen: De organische stofklassen 3
1. Inleiding 3
1.1 Koolstofverbindingen 3
1.2 Voorstelling van koolstofverbindingen 3
2. Koolwaterstof...
,Inhoud
Stofklassen: De organische stofklassen.....................................................................................................................3
1. Inleiding.............................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Koolstofverbindingen..................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Voorstelling van koolstofverbindingen.......................................................................................................3
2. Koolwaterstoffen (KWS)....................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Indeling van de KWS...................................................................................................................................5
2.2 Overzicht van de verschillende stofklassen binnen de KWS......................................................................6
2.3 Koolwaterstoffen in onze leefwereld.......................................................................................................11
3. DE monofunctionele organische verbindingen...............................................................................................12
3.1 Overzicht van de stofklassen....................................................................................................................12
3.2 Determinatietabel organische stofklassen...............................................................................................12
3.3 halogeenalkanen.......................................................................................................................................13
3.4 Alcoholen..................................................................................................................................................14
3.5 Carbonzuren..............................................................................................................................................15
3.6 esters.........................................................................................................................................................16
3.7 Aldehyden.................................................................................................................................................17
3.8 Ketonen.....................................................................................................................................................17
3.9 Ethers........................................................................................................................................................18
3.10 AMinen....................................................................................................................................................18
3.11 Amiden....................................................................................................................................................19
4. fysische eigenschappen van organische stoffen.............................................................................................20
4.1 intermoleculaire krachten (IMK)...............................................................................................................20
4.2 Soorten IMK..............................................................................................................................................20
4.3 aggregatietoestand, kookpunt en smeltpunt...........................................................................................21
4.4 oplosbaarheid...........................................................................................................................................22
5. Isomerie...........................................................................................................................................................22
5.1 structuurisomerie.....................................................................................................................................23
6. Biomoleculen...................................................................................................................................................23
6.1 Indeling......................................................................................................................................................23
6.2 De sachariden...........................................................................................................................................23
6.3 Proteïnen of eiwitten................................................................................................................................26
6.4 Lipiden.......................................................................................................................................................28
6.5 Nucleïnezuren of polynucleotiden............................................................................................................31
1
,2
, STOFKLASSEN: DE ORGANISCHE STOFKLASSEN
1. INLEIDING
1.1 KOOLSTOFVERBINDINGEN
Koolstofverbindingen atoomverbindingen (of covalente bindingen) opgebouwd uit een beperkt
aantal soorten elementen. Koolstof is altijd aanwezig, waterstof nagenoeg altijd
Indeling op 2 manieren:
O.b.v. het skelet v.d. molecule:
acyclische C-verbindingen: open keten
cyclische C-verbindingen: gesloten keten of rinVOOrgstructuur
O.b.v. het voorkomen van functionele groepen:
KWS hebben GEEN FG
monofunctionele C-verbindingen: één FG
polyfunctionele C- verbindingen: meerdere FG
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