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Samenvatting Celbiologie - hoofdstuk celdeling
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Prof geert callewaert
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By: ademan • 6 year ago
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7. CELDELINGInleiding
- Ongecontroleerde celdeling kanker
- Heel wat eiwitten betrokken bij controle v celdeling
Chromosomen
- 23 paar chromosomen - 45 chromatiden
Dubbele DNA streng
elke met genetische informatie van vader & moeder
- 1 chromosoom = 2 zusterchromatiden
Hangen vast met centromeer
o Microtubuli hangt vast à kinetochoor hieraan vast
o Gaat zusterchrom scheiden
- Telomeer = uiteinde van chromosoom
Wordt korter bij ouder worden
Celcyclus
1. G1-fase = GAP1 (groei)
Voorbereiding op celdeling
Bij genoeg mitogeen geprikkeld overgang naar S-fase
2. G0-fase = GAP 0
Cel stopt met delen
3. S-fase
DNA-replicatie
4. G2 -fase = GAP2
DNA-replicatie controle
5. Mitose
Pro, ana, meta, telo,…
6. Cytokinese
Vorming van 2 dochter of zustercellen
Kinase & ligasen
1. CDK’s (serine/threonine -protein kinase)
2 lobbed structuur – bij cycline vorming wordt
actief complex gevormd
= kinasen betrokken bij celdeling
- Heterolytische-dimerische eiwitkinasen
Regulatorisch domein: binding v cycline
Katalytisch domein
- Regelen activiteit van eiwitten betrokken bij DNA
Replicatie
Mitose
- Cycline/CDK bepaalt substraat specificiteit
2. Ubiquitine-eiwit ligasen
1. G1 CDKs
- SCF:
2. S-fase CDKs
3. Mitotische CDKs
, Skp1
Cullin
F-box
3 eiwitten betrokken bij ubiquitinisering
- APC/C (anafase-promoting complex of cyclosoom)
Bv. cycline word opgemerkt en afgebroken door proteasoom
Groeifactoren
brengen cycline D
tot exressie
Deze zijn essentieel
om cel te doen
overgaan van G1
naar S
Activeert Cdk4, Cdk6
Kinasen belangrijk
bij 1e fase
Cycline E: belangrijk vr activiteit
Cdk2
Op einde van mitose wordt cycline B actief afgebroken
Zo weet cel dat ze uit mitose kan gaan om zo naar G-fase terug te gaan noodzakelijk!
Cel neemt toe in volume
2 x DNA 2 cellen met 1 x DNA
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