COP4600 Exam 1 with verified correct answers
What pieces of hardware are in the CPU? - correct answer-Registers, ALU, and control unit
Hardware which serves as the CPUs memory. There are special and general purposed of these - correct answer-Registers
Hardwa...
What pieces of hardware are in the CPU? - correct answer-Registers, ALU, and
control unit
Hardware which serves as the CPUs memory. There are special and general
purposed of these - correct answer-Registers
Hardware which does arithmetic and logical computations - correct answer-ALU
Hardware which tracks state/status. Also controls other components - correct
answer-Control unit
Instruction cycle responsible for loading the instruction - correct answer-Fetch
Instruction cycle responsible for finding the opcode/operands of the instruction and
interpreting it - correct answer-Decode
Instruction cycle responsible for carrying out the instruction - correct answer-
Execute
Protected instructions can only be executed in a ____________ - correct answer-
Protected state
Legacy boot process - correct answer-BIOS
What does BIOS stand for? - correct answer-Binary Input Output System
The ________ bootstraps the boot sector - correct answer-Bootloader
What does bootstrap mean? - correct answer-Loading up the computer
,Why are the bootsector and bootloader separate? - correct answer-Bootsector is too
small
Where is the BIOS init stored? - correct answer-The motherboard
What boot process is usable on x86-64 (i386) standalone PCs? - correct answer-
BIOS
What boot process has standard for ARM chipset systems? - correct answer-Neither
Which boot process has standardized NVRAM locations for system variables? -
correct answer-UEFI
Which boot process uses a dedicated bootloader partition? - correct answer-BIOS
Which boot process is usable on x86-64 (x64) standalone PCs? - correct answer-
Both
Newer boot process - correct answer-UEFI
Which boot process simplifies diskless systems? - correct answer-UEFI
What are the functions of an OS? - correct answer-Loading programs onto machine,
controlling I/O devices, managing resources (memory, CPU), multi-tasking
execution, data protection (permissions), and task interaction (pipes, networking)
Mode for directly manipulating hardware - correct answer-Kernel mode
T/F: No device is directly accessed without the kernel - correct answer-True
T/F: Only system libraries can invoke system calls - correct answer-False
T/F: The system call invokes code written by system developers, while a procedure
call invokes code written by an application programmer - correct answer-False
A running program is in ______ - correct answer-Execution
When we run a program, we create a _________ for it - correct answer-Process
Features of a process - correct answer-Has some address space, associated with
specific resources, computational element/object, and has one or more threads of
execution
When we make a _______, we add a stack frame to the call stack - correct answer-
Procedure call
Which pointer points to the beginning of the stack frame? - correct answer-Frame
pointer
, Which pointer points to the beginning of the call stack? - correct answer-Stack
pointer
A ___________ involves a switch into kernel mode for execution - correct answer-
System call
Invocation of a system call causes a what? - correct answer-Kernel trap
What must be stored in a kernel trap? - correct answer-Current address, registers,
etc
What gets the address from the interrupt vector during a kernel trap? - correct
answer-OS dispatcher
Generation of pre-OS in which there was a control room in which a human operator
ran programs (plugboards) - correct answer-Generation 0: The operator
When was Generation 0 of OS? - correct answer-1940s
When was Generation 1 of OS? - correct answer-1950s
Generation of OS in which a resident monitor was used to execute common tasks
(basic job loading, config, etc) for the operator. Users would reserve time on the
system. Precursor to modern concept of OS - correct answer-Generation 1: resident
monitor
Generation of OS in which job systems allowed many programs to be run in
succession. A programmer would submit a job on punch cards. The punch cards
would be read by a card reader onto magnetic tap. An operator would transfer
prepared jobs to processing unit on input tape. Results would be written to output
tape, which would be read and printed - correct answer-Generation 2: Batch
systems
Batch system in which the OS sets up the next job and removes the current.
Programs are run sequentially - correct answer-Uniprogrammed batch systems
Fence in memory which defines end in user memory and beginning of OS memory -
correct answer-Fence register
Issues with uniprogrammed batch systems - correct answer-Mainly I/O so idle CPU
Batch system in which when one job was running, the OS would set up and began to
run next. They would take turns on the CPU. In this system, the CPU was on idle
when all jobs were in system - correct answer-Multiprogrammed batch systems
Formula for CPU utilization - correct answer-1 - p^n (p = fraction of time process is
in I/O wait; n = # jobs)
When were batch systems prevalent? - correct answer-1950s/1960s
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