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Samenvatting verzekeringsrecht
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Dit is een volledige samenvatting van alle lessen, de twee handboeken en de ppt van alle thema's. Dit alles is volledig verwerkt in dit document. Academiejaar
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VERZEKERINGSRECHTI
,Inhoudsopgave
Informatie vak............................................................................................................................................... 1
Algemene inleiding........................................................................................................................................ 2
verzekering...........................................................................................................................................................2
risico en verzekering.........................................................................................................................................2
geschiedenis.....................................................................................................................................................2
techniek............................................................................................................................................................2
economische en maatschappelijk rol...............................................................................................................3
controle verzekeringsondernemingen – europees verzekeringsrecht............................................................3
controle verzekeringsondernemingen – belgisch verzekeringsrecht..............................................................4
indeling.................................................................................................................................................................5
HFST 1: het verzekeringsovereenkomst.......................................................................................................... 7
afdeling 1: begripsomschrijving............................................................................................................................7
afdeling 2: wezenlijke bestanddelen....................................................................................................................7
het risico...........................................................................................................................................................7
het verzekerbaar belang...................................................................................................................................8
de premie..........................................................................................................................................................8
verzekeringsprestatie.....................................................................................................................................10
afdeling 3: verzekering tegen premie vs onderlinge verzekering.......................................................................10
afdeling 4: toepasselijke wetgeving...................................................................................................................10
de wet van 4 april 2014 betreffende de verzekeringen.................................................................................10
het burgerlijk wetboek...................................................................................................................................11
het wetboek economisch recht – marktpraktijken en consumentenbescherming.......................................11
Wet van 10 mei 2007 ter bestrijding van bepaalde vormen van discriminatie.............................................11
Wet van 10 mei 2007 ter bestrijding van discriminatie tussen vrouwen en mannen...................................11
HFST 2: totstandkoming van de verzekeringsovereenkomst..........................................................................12
afdeling 1: gemeenrechtelijke beginselen..........................................................................................................12
Toestemming..................................................................................................................................................12
Bekwaamheid.................................................................................................................................................12
Voorwerp van de verzerkingsovereenkomst.................................................................................................13
Oorzaak...........................................................................................................................................................13
afdeling 2: het verzekeringsvoorstel, de verzekeringsaanvraag en de voorafgaande polis..............................13
1. het verzekeringsvoorstel............................................................................................................................13
2. De verzekeringsaanvraag............................................................................................................................13
3. de voorafgaande polis................................................................................................................................14
4. aanbod uitgaande van de verzekeringnemer.............................................................................................14
5. de verzekeringsovereenkomst op afstand.................................................................................................14
HFST 3: bewijs en interpretaite van de verzekeringsovereenkomst...............................................................15
afdeling 1: bewijs................................................................................................................................................15
1. tussen partijen............................................................................................................................................15
2. jegens derden.............................................................................................................................................15
afdeling 2: interpretatie......................................................................................................................................15
HFST 4: verplichtingen van de verzekeringnemer.......................................................................................... 17
afdeling 1: juiste opgave van het risico..............................................................................................................17
II
, 1. het beginsel van de spontane mededelingsplicht......................................................................................17
2. gekende omstandigheden..........................................................................................................................17
3. vragenlijst...................................................................................................................................................17
4. sanctionering..............................................................................................................................................18
afdeling 2: betaling van de premie.....................................................................................................................19
1. wanneer?....................................................................................................................................................19
2. door wie?....................................................................................................................................................19
3. aan wie?......................................................................................................................................................19
4. kenmerken..................................................................................................................................................20
5. sanctionering..............................................................................................................................................20
afdeling 3: aangifte van risicoverzwaring..........................................................................................................20
1. principe.......................................................................................................................................................20
2. Mededelingsplicht......................................................................................................................................20
3. Sancties.......................................................................................................................................................21
4. Risicovermindering.....................................................................................................................................21
afdeling 4: maatregelen ter voorkoming en beperking van de schade – reddingskosten.................................21
1. beperking van de ontstane schade.............................................................................................................21
2. voorkoming van schadegeval.....................................................................................................................21
afeling 5: melding van het schadegeval.............................................................................................................22
HFST 5: verplichting van de verzekeraar....................................................................................................... 22
afdeling 1: de verzekeringsprestatie..................................................................................................................22
1. te leveren bewijs........................................................................................................................................22
2. uitsluitingsgronden.....................................................................................................................................22
3. verval van recht..........................................................................................................................................23
4. bewijslast inzake uitsluiting en verval van recht........................................................................................23
afdeling 2: bevrijdingsgronden...........................................................................................................................23
1. opzet...........................................................................................................................................................23
2. grove schuld................................................................................................................................................24
3. oorlog, burgeroorlog, gelijkaardige feiten en catastrofale........................................................................24
4. Terrorisme..................................................................................................................................................25
HFST VI: einde van de verzekeringsovereenkomst........................................................................................26
Afdeling 1: Duur..................................................................................................................................................26
1. Algemene regel...........................................................................................................................................26
2. Tariefwijziging.............................................................................................................................................26
3. eenzijdige wijziging polisvoorwaarden.......................................................................................................27
4. Afwijkingen van de maximumduur van één jaar........................................................................................27
5. latere afwijkingen.......................................................................................................................................27
Afdeling 2: opzegging na schadegeval...............................................................................................................28
Afdeling 3: nietigheid en ontbinding..................................................................................................................28
Afdeling 4: insolverntie en vereffening van de verzekeringnemer.....................................................................29
1. faillissement................................................................................................................................................29
2. gerechtelijke organisatie............................................................................................................................29
3. vereffening..................................................................................................................................................30
HFST VII: CONTENTIEUX............................................................................................................................... 31
afdeling 1: verjaring............................................................................................................................................31
1. Welke vorderingen?...................................................................................................................................31
2. vertrekpunt van de verjaringstermijn........................................................................................................31
3. schorsing en stuiting...................................................................................................................................32
III
, afdeling 2: territoriale bevoegdheid...................................................................................................................32
afdeling 3: arbitrage...........................................................................................................................................33
afdeling 4: enkele algemene aspecten (niet in HB)............................................................................................33
Mede- en herverzekering...............................................................................................................................33
HFST I: regels eigen aan schadeverzekering (zaak- en aansprakelijkheidsverzekeringen)...............................35
Afdeling 1: verzekeraar belang...........................................................................................................................35
AFdeling 2: Indemnitair beginsel........................................................................................................................35
afdeling 3: indeplaatsstelling (subrogatie).........................................................................................................35
1. Wettelijke regeling.....................................................................................................................................35
2. tegenwerpelijke excepties..........................................................................................................................36
afdeling 4: oververzekering................................................................................................................................36
1. Oververzekering te kwader trouw..............................................................................................................36
2. Oververzekering te goeder trouw..............................................................................................................37
afdeling 5: Samenloop of pluraliteit van verzekeringen.....................................................................................37
1. begrip..........................................................................................................................................................37
2. Welke verzekeraar aanspreken?................................................................................................................37
3. Verdeling van de schadelast.......................................................................................................................38
afdeling 6: onderverzekering..............................................................................................................................39
afdeling 7: overgang ingevolge van overlijden..................................................................................................40
1. algemene regel...........................................................................................................................................40
2. Overeenkomsten intuitu personae............................................................................................................40
afdeling 8: reddingskosten.................................................................................................................................40
HFST II: regels eigen aan zaakverzekeringen.................................................................................................41
afdeling 1: waardebepaling................................................................................................................................41
afdeling 2: overdracht onder de levenden..........................................................................................................41
1. Onroerende goederen................................................................................................................................41
2. Roerende goederen....................................................................................................................................42
afdeling 3: Zakelijke subrogatie ten voordele van hypothecaire en bevoorrechte schuldeisers........................42
afdeling 4: Voorrecht van de verzekeraar..........................................................................................................42
HFST III: regels eigen aan aansprakelijkheidsverzekeringen..........................................................................43
afdeling 1: principe.............................................................................................................................................43
afdeling 2: gedekte schade en posterioriteitsdekking........................................................................................43
I. de algemene regel.......................................................................................................................................43
II. De uitzonderingsregel.................................................................................................................................43
III. De voorgevallen schade.............................................................................................................................43
IV. Het instellen van de aansprakelijkheidsvordering....................................................................................44
afdeling 3: leiding van het geschil......................................................................................................................44
I. verplichting verzekeraar..............................................................................................................................44
II. recht verzekeraar........................................................................................................................................45
III. belangenconflict........................................................................................................................................45
IV. gedrag verzekerde.....................................................................................................................................45
V. gedrag verzekeraar.....................................................................................................................................46
VI. gevolgen....................................................................................................................................................46
afdeling 4: vergoeding........................................................................................................................................46
I. betaling hoofdsom, interesten en kosten...................................................................................................46
IV
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