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Samenvatting - Gezins en contextbegeleiding
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GEZINS EN CONTEXTBEGELEIDINGInhoud
1 Een eerste situering.............................................................................................................................5
1.1 Het gezin. Een poging tot definitie................................................................................................5
1.2 Geschiedenis van het gezin...........................................................................................................5
1.2.1 Gezin is een hoeksteen van samenleving...............................................................................5
1.2.2 Gezin in wederopbouw..........................................................................................................5
1.2.3 Gezin onder druk...................................................................................................................6
1.2.4 Gezin terug een hoeksteen....................................................................................................6
1.3 Gezinskenmerken.........................................................................................................................6
1.4 Gezinsvormen...............................................................................................................................6
1.5 Gezins- en contextbegeleiding......................................................................................................7
1.5.1 Definitie context....................................................................................................................8
2 family centered werken......................................................................................................................8
2.1 Ouders en deskundigen aan 1 tafel: een uitdaging.......................................................................8
2.2 Professionaly- centered model.....................................................................................................8
2.3 Family-centered model.................................................................................................................8
2.4 Parallelproces in de begeleiding van ouders.................................................................................8
2.5 Hulpverlening principes van het Family Centered model.............................................................9
2.5.1 De hulp richt zich op de behoeften en vragen van het hele gezin.........................................9
2.5.2 De hulp sluit aan bij de sterke kanten van het gezin en maakt het gezin sterker..................9
2.5.3 De hulp is gericht op het uitbouwen en verstevigen van het netwerk..................................9
2.5.4 - Een goede relatie tussen gezin en hulpverlener is belangrijk..............................................9
2.5.5 Recente evoluties..................................................................................................................9
3 De algemene systeemtheorie (AST):..................................................................................................11
3.1 De geschiedenis:.........................................................................................................................11
3.2 Het begrip ‘systeem’:..................................................................................................................11
3.2.1 Definitie:..............................................................................................................................11
3.2.2 Grenzen rond en in een systeem:........................................................................................11
3.2.3 Systemen op verschillende niveaus:....................................................................................12
3.2.4 Tijdselement van systemen:................................................................................................12
3.3 Belangrijkste uitgangspunten van de systeemtheorie:...............................................................12
3.4 Belangrijkste begrippen:.............................................................................................................13
3.4.1 Informatie:...........................................................................................................................13
, 3.4.2 Feedback:.............................................................................................................................13
3.4.3 Circulaire causaliteit:...........................................................................................................13
3.4.4 Interpunctie:........................................................................................................................13
3.4.5 Equifinaliteit:........................................................................................................................13
3.4.6 Betekenis van het symptoom:.............................................................................................14
3.5 Besluit:........................................................................................................................................14
4 De 3 sleutelbegrippen........................................................................................................................15
4.1 Het proces..................................................................................................................................15
4.2 Structuur.....................................................................................................................................15
4.3 De gezinsstructuur en pathologie...............................................................................................15
4.4 Kenmerken van een functioneel systeem...................................................................................15
4.4.1 Kluwen en loszandgezinnen.................................................................................................16
4.4.2 Voorbeelden van dysfunctionele structuur: problemen......................................................16
4.5 Levenscyclus van het gezin.........................................................................................................17
4.5.1 Fasen en fase overgang........................................................................................................18
4.6 Werken met gezinnen volgens de structuurgerichte benadering...............................................18
4.6.1 gezinskaarten.......................................................................................................................19
4.7 Gezinnen in enkele orthopedagogische sectoren.......................................................................19
4.7.1 Integrale jeugdhulp: evolutie van ouderparticipatie............................................................20
4.7.2 Geestelijke gezondheidszorg KOPP/KOVV- kinderen...........................................................20
5 Inleiding.............................................................................................................................................20
6 De 4 dimensies..................................................................................................................................21
6.1 De dimensie van de feiten..........................................................................................................21
6.2 Dimensie van de psychologie......................................................................................................21
6.3 Dimensie van de interacties........................................................................................................21
6.4 Dimensie van relationele ethiek.................................................................................................21
6.5 Enkele contextuele begrippen vanuit de 4 e dimensie.................................................................22
6.5.1 Loyaliteit..............................................................................................................................22
6.5.2 Existentiële en verworven loyaliteit.....................................................................................22
6.5.3 Verticale en horizontale loyaliteit........................................................................................22
6.5.4 De balans van geven en ontvangen.....................................................................................24
6.5.5 Constructief recht................................................................................................................25
6.5.6 Parentificatie........................................................................................................................26
6.5.7 Besluit..................................................................................................................................26
7 Contextuele basishouding vanuit Nagy..............................................................................................27
7.1 Een contextuele basishouding....................................................................................................27
,8 5 aspecten van de contextuele basishouding....................................................................................27
8.1 Handen uit zorg..........................................................................................................................27
8.1.1 Voorbeelden........................................................................................................................28
8.2 Verbindend werken....................................................................................................................28
8.2.1 Voorbeelden........................................................................................................................29
8.3 Erkenning geven.........................................................................................................................29
8.3.1 Voorbeelden........................................................................................................................29
8.4 Meerzijdige partijdigheid............................................................................................................30
8.4.1 Voorbeelden........................................................................................................................30
8.5 Zoeken naar hulpbronnen..........................................................................................................31
9 Gebruik..............................................................................................................................................32
10 Wat is een Genogram......................................................................................................................33
10.1 Doel van het maken van een genogram...................................................................................33
10.2 Specifieke doelen......................................................................................................................33
11 Op zoek naar hulpbronnen..............................................................................................................34
11.1 Zoeken naar de sterktes/krachtversterkend werken................................................................34
11.2 Mogelijke methodieken............................................................................................................35
12 Narratieve en oplossingsgerichte toepassingen bij genogrammen.................................................37
12.1 Een veilig en constructief klimaat creëren................................................................................37
13 (Echt)scheiden is een.......................................................................................................................39
13.1 2 soorten echtscheiding............................................................................................................40
13.2 Juridisch gebeuren....................................................................................................................40
13.3 Relationeel gebeuren................................................................................................................40
14 Scheiden bekeken vanuit contextuele denkkader...........................................................................41
15 Wat brengt(echt)scheiding bij kinderen/ouders teweeg.................................................................41
16 Kinderen geraken door deze periode..............................................................................................42
16.1 Betekent voor de ouders..........................................................................................................42
16.2 Betekent dit voor grootouders/familie.....................................................................................42
16.3 Wat dienen de kinderen te weten............................................................................................42
16.3.1 Waar hebben kinderen geen boodschap aan....................................................................42
17 Als ouders kiezen om te blijven samenwerken als ouders...............................................................43
17.1 Baby’s.......................................................................................................................................43
17.2 peuters en kleuters...................................................................................................................43
17.3 Jonge lagere schoolkinderen....................................................................................................43
17.4 Oudere lagere schoolkind.........................................................................................................43
17.5 pubers.......................................................................................................................................44
, 17.6 Adolescent................................................................................................................................44
17.6.1 Wat merken we op lange termijn......................................................................................44
18 wat als ouders ervoor om niet meer samen te werken...................................................................45
18.1 destructieve Parentificatie........................................................................................................45
18.2 wat moet een kind dan op termijn...........................................................................................45
18.3 loyaliteit van het kind wordt onzichtbaar.................................................................................45
18.3.1 Onzichtbare loyaliteit.........................................................................................................45
18.4 Gevolgen bij deze kinderen op lange termijn...........................................................................45
19 Begeleiding......................................................................................................................................46
20 Situering, het narratief als construct: herkomst..............................................................................46
20.1 Achterliggende filosofie: postmodernisme en sociaal constructivisme....................................47
20.2 Narratief, familieverhaal en maatschappelijk discours.............................................................47
20.3 Kern van het gedachtengoed....................................................................................................47
20.4 In de praktijk. Rijke verhaallijnen samen creëren.....................................................................48
20.4.1 Positie van de therapeut....................................................................................................48
20.4.2 Soorten gesprekke.............................................................................................................48
20.5 Aanvaarden dat je kind een beperking heeft............................................................................49
20.5.1 Moment van de diagnose..................................................................................................49
20.5.2 Moment na de diagnose....................................................................................................49
20.5.3 Model van Marvin en Pianta..............................................................................................49
20.5.4 Aanvulling door denise Ome..............................................................................................50
20.5.5 Gezinsveerkracht...............................................................................................................51
21 Family quality life.............................................................................................................................51
21.1 Inleiding: het ontstaan van fqol................................................................................................51
21.2 Theoretisch model....................................................................................................................51
21.2.1 De 9 FQOL domeinen.........................................................................................................52
21.2.2 De 3 FQOL dimensies.........................................................................................................53
22 Broer zus relatie...............................................................................................................................53
22.1 Gewone broer zus relatie..........................................................................................................53
22.2 Brussen.....................................................................................................................................53
22.3 Sibling quality of life.................................................................................................................54
22.3.1 Hoe is het om brus te zijn..................................................................................................54
22.3.2 Concept ‘kwaliteit van leven van brussen’.........................................................................55
22.4 Brussenondersteuning..............................................................................................................56
22.4.1 Tips voor ouders................................................................................................................57
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