Samenvatting - Complexe contexten - toegepaste psychologie 3e bachelor
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Course
Complexe contexten
Institution
Hogeschool West-Vlaanderen (HoWest)
Samenvatting complexe contexten met als hoofdstukken: systeemgericht werken, netwerkgericht werken, bemiddeling, outreachend werken en werken met groepen
SYSTEMISCH WERKEN DEEL 1................................................................................................................................................... 5
1. VERSCHILLENDE PERSPECTIEVEN OP GEDRAG............................................................................................................................6
2. SYSTEEMGERICHT WERKEN.........................................................................................................................................................8
2.1 EEN INIDIVDU........................................................................................................................................................................8
2.2 WERKVELD VD PSYCHOLOGISCHE CONSULENT..................................................................................................................10
2.3 DE OORSPRONG VAN SYSTEEMGERICHT WERKEN.............................................................................................................11
2.4 ALGEMENE SYSTEEMTHEORIE.............................................................................................................................................12
2.5 SLEUTELBEGRIPPEN EN KERNCONCEPTEN..........................................................................................................................13
2.6 CASUS...................................................................................................................................................................................18
SYSTEMISCH WERKEN DEEL 2................................................................................................................................................. 21
1. SYSTEMISCHE BRIL.....................................................................................................................................................................22
2. SYSTEMISCHE UITGANGSPUNTEN..............................................................................................................................................23
3. SYSTEEMTHEORETISCHE BENADERINGEN.................................................................................................................................26
3.1. STROMINGEN MET FOCUS OP GEDRAGSPATRONEN.........................................................................................................26
3.2 STROMINGEN MET FOCUS OP OPVATTINGEN....................................................................................................................30
3.3 STROMINGEN MET FOCUS OP CONTEXT.............................................................................................................................33
3.4 INTEGRATIEVE – ECLECTISCHE BENADERING......................................................................................................................50
4. SYSTEEMGERICHT WERKEN: DE HULPVERLENER.......................................................................................................................51
5. INDIVIDUELE VS. SYSTEEMGERICHTE HULPVERLENING............................................................................................................52
6. KEUZES DIE DE SYSTEMISCHE HULPVERLENER MOET MAKEN..................................................................................................53
6.1 SPREKEN MET INDIVIDUEN..................................................................................................................................................54
6.2 SPREKEN MET KOPPELS.......................................................................................................................................................56
6.3 SPREKEN MET OUDERS........................................................................................................................................................59
6.4 SPREKEN MET GEZINNEN....................................................................................................................................................61
7. COMPLEXE CONTEXTEN.............................................................................................................................................................63
8. WERKEN MET COMPLEXE CONTEXTEN......................................................................................................................................64
SYTEMISCH WERKEN.............................................................................................................................................................. 66
1. SIGNS OF SAFETY: HET MODEL..................................................................................................................................................67
2. BENADERINGSWIJZE & UITGANGPUNTEN.................................................................................................................................68
3. PROCES.......................................................................................................................................................................................69
5. VRAAGSTELLING.........................................................................................................................................................................70
6. RICHTLIJNEN OM MET KINDEREN TE PRATEN...........................................................................................................................73
7. VEILIGHEIDSCIRKELS...................................................................................................................................................................73
8. EARS QUESTIONING STRATEGIE.................................................................................................................................................74
9. 4 BASISVRAGEN BIJ OPSTELLEN VAN VEILIGHEIDSPLAN...........................................................................................................76
10. RICHTLIJNEN WAARAAN EEN GOED VEILIGHEIDSPLAN MOET VOLDOEN...............................................................................76
11. 4 PRAKTIJKELEMENTEN VD VEILIGHEIDSPLANNING................................................................................................................76
12. BEGRIPPENLIJST.......................................................................................................................................................................77
NETWERKGERICHT WERKEN.................................................................................................................................................. 81
1. WAT IS EEN NETWERK................................................................................................................................................................83
1
, 2. SOORTEN NETWERKEN..............................................................................................................................................................83
2.1 HET SOCIAAL NETWERK.......................................................................................................................................................83
3. WELKE FUNCTIES HEEFT EEN SOCIAAL NETWERK?....................................................................................................................84
3.1 SOCIALE STEUN....................................................................................................................................................................86
3.2 SOCIALE INVLOED................................................................................................................................................................86
3.3 SOCIALE BETROKKENHEID EN GEHECHTHEID.....................................................................................................................86
3.4 TOEGANG TOT HULPBRONNEN...........................................................................................................................................87
4. WAT IS DE STRUCTUUR VAN EEN SOCIAAL NETWERK?.............................................................................................................88
5. SOCIALE NETWERKEN EN SOCIAAL KAPITAAL............................................................................................................................89
6. METHODIEKEN OM EEN NETWERK IN KAART TE BRENGEN......................................................................................................90
7. NETWERKVERSTERKENDE WERKEN...........................................................................................................................................91
7.1 INLEIDING............................................................................................................................................................................91
7.2 VERSTERKEN VAN NETWERK...............................................................................................................................................92
7.3 UITBREIDEN VH NETWERK...................................................................................................................................................96
7.4 BELEMMERENDE CONTACTEN AFBOUWEN........................................................................................................................97
8. ROL VAN DE PROFESSIONAL......................................................................................................................................................98
9. VERMAATSCHAPPELIJKING VAN DE ZORG.................................................................................................................................99
10. WERKEN IN EEN NETWERKVERBAND: 1G1P EN EEN PRAKTIJKVOORBEELD.........................................................................101
10.1 1 GEZIN 1 PLAN................................................................................................................................................................101
10.2 RTJ DE TAFELS..................................................................................................................................................................101
10.3 PERCEPTIELADDER...........................................................................................................................................................102
11. BEGRIPPENLIJST.....................................................................................................................................................................104
BEMIDDELING DEEL 1........................................................................................................................................................... 105
1. CONFLICT & CONFLICTHANTERING..........................................................................................................................................106
1.1 CONFLICT...........................................................................................................................................................................106
1.2 VAN VERSCHIL NAAR CONFLICT........................................................................................................................................107
1.3 TWEE VISIES OP CONFLICTEN............................................................................................................................................108
1.4 DEFINITIES VAN CONFLICT.................................................................................................................................................109
1.5 CONFLICTDYNAMIEK.........................................................................................................................................................110
1.6 ESCALATIE & DE-ESCALATIE: MODEL VAN FRIEDRICH GLASL...........................................................................................111
1.8 CONFLICTBEHANDELING...................................................................................................................................................118
2. BEMIDDELING..........................................................................................................................................................................119
2.1 IS BEMIDDELING IETS NIEUWS?........................................................................................................................................119
2.1 IS BEMIDDELING: WETGEVEND LUIK.................................................................................................................................120
3. WERKINGSPRINCIPES VAN BEMIDDELING...............................................................................................................................121
3.1 BEMIDDELING GEBEURT OP VRIJWILLIGE BASIS...............................................................................................................121
3.2 BEMIDDELING IS NEUTRAAL OF MEERZIJDIG PARTIJDIGHEID..........................................................................................121
3.3 BEMIDDELING IS STRIKT VERTROUWELIJK........................................................................................................................121
3.4 BEMIDDELING IS TRANSPARANT.......................................................................................................................................122
4. BEMIDDELING = WERKEN MET IJSBERGEN..............................................................................................................................123
4.1 STANDPUNTEN EN BELANGEN..........................................................................................................................................123
4.2 STANDPUNTEN EN BELANGEN: VOORBEELD....................................................................................................................124
5. CONCLUSIE: HET WERK VAN EEN BEMIDDELAAR....................................................................................................................125
6. BEMIDDELING IN DE PRAKTIJK.................................................................................................................................................126
6.1 BEMIDDELING IN STRAFZAKEN..........................................................................................................................................126
6.2 BURENBEMIDDELING.........................................................................................................................................................126
6.3 SCHULDBEMIDDELING.......................................................................................................................................................126
6.4 BEMIDDELING IN DE JEUGDHULP......................................................................................................................................126
6.5 SCHEIDINGSBEMIDDELAAR...............................................................................................................................................126
BEMIDDELING DEEL 2........................................................................................................................................................... 128
2
, 1. ALGEMEEN...............................................................................................................................................................................129
1.1 KLASSIEKE VS HERSTELRECHT............................................................................................................................................129
1.2 HERSTEL.............................................................................................................................................................................129
1.3 VISIE MODERATOR............................................................................................................................................................130
1.4 HERSTELRECHT IN DE PRAKTIJK.........................................................................................................................................130
1.5 2 ZIJDEN VAN 1 VERHAAL..................................................................................................................................................130
2. SLACHTOFFER- DADERBEMIDDELING......................................................................................................................................131
2.1 WET VAN 22 JUNI 2005.....................................................................................................................................................131
2.2 AANMELDING VIA:.............................................................................................................................................................132
2.3 WERKINGSPRINCIPES.........................................................................................................................................................132
2.4 FASEN VAN BEMIDDELING................................................................................................................................................133
2.5 WAAROM BEMIDDELING...................................................................................................................................................133
3. VOORBEELD SLACHTOFFER- DADERBEMIDDELING.................................................................................................................134
4. HERSTELGERICHTE METHODIEKEN..........................................................................................................................................135
4.1 UITGANGSPUNT.................................................................................................................................................................135
4.2 SAMENSPRAAK - OPZET.....................................................................................................................................................135
4.3 SAMENSPRAAK – METHODIEK...........................................................................................................................................135
4.4 NIET-GERELATEERDE BEMIDDELING.................................................................................................................................135
WERKEN MET GROEPEN DEEL 1............................................................................................................................................ 138
8.6 SOORTEN PRODUCTIEVE GROEPEN..................................................................................................................................138
8.7 EFFECTIEVE EN INEFFECTIEVE GROEPEN...........................................................................................................................138
1. DIVERSE CONTEXTEN OM MET GROEPEN AAN HET WERK TE GAAN......................................................................................139
2. DEFINITIE GROEP......................................................................................................................................................................139
3. GROEPSASPECTEN....................................................................................................................................................................140
4. BELANG VAN GROEPEN............................................................................................................................................................140
5. GROEPSDYNAMICA..................................................................................................................................................................141
6. GROEPSSTRUCTUUR.................................................................................................................................................................141
7. TAAK-EN SOCIAAL EMOTIONEEL NIVEAU................................................................................................................................141
8. SOORTEN GROEPEN.................................................................................................................................................................142
8.1 PRIMAIRE EN SECUNDAIRE GROEPEN...............................................................................................................................142
8.2 INFORMELE EN FORMELE GROEPEN.................................................................................................................................142
8.3 LIDMAATSCHAPSGROEPEN EN REFERENTIEGROEPEN......................................................................................................143
8.4 INGROUP EN OUTGROUP..................................................................................................................................................143
8.5 TAAK & PROCESGERICHT...................................................................................................................................................144
8.6 SOORTEN PRODUCTIEVE GROEPEN..................................................................................................................................144
8.7 EFFECTIEVE EN INEFFECTIEVE GROEPEN...........................................................................................................................145
9. SOCIALE INTERDEPENDENTIE...................................................................................................................................................146
10. EFFECTIEF SAMENWERKEN....................................................................................................................................................147
WERKEN MET GROEPEN DEEL 2............................................................................................................................................ 148
3.2 ZENDEN EN ONTVANGEN VAN BOODSCHAP....................................................................................................................148
3.3 BENADERINGEN.................................................................................................................................................................148
3.4 ROOS VAN LEARY...............................................................................................................................................................148
1. SOCIALE INTERDEPENDENTIE...................................................................................................................................................149
2. NIVEAUS IN GROEPEN..............................................................................................................................................................150
2.1 INHOUDSNIVEAU...............................................................................................................................................................151
2.2 PROCEDURENIVEAU..........................................................................................................................................................152
2.3 INTERACTIENIVEAU...........................................................................................................................................................153
2.4 BESTAANSNIVEAU..............................................................................................................................................................154
3
, 2.5 CONTEXTNIVEAU...............................................................................................................................................................154
3. COMMUNICATIE IN GROEPEN.................................................................................................................................................155
3.1 GROEPSCOMMUNICATIE...................................................................................................................................................155
3.2 ZENDEN EN ONTVANGEN VAN BOODSCHAP....................................................................................................................156
3.3 BENADERINGEN.................................................................................................................................................................156
3.4 ROOS VAN LEARY...............................................................................................................................................................157
4. TEAM ROLES AND CHARACTER STRENGHTS............................................................................................................................158
WERKEN MET GROEPEN DEEL 2............................................................................................................................................ 159
SYSTEMISCH WERKEN..............................................................................................................................................................159
NETWERKGERICHT WERKEN...................................................................................................................................................159
BEMIDDELING..........................................................................................................................................................................159
OUTREACHEND WERKEN.........................................................................................................................................................159
WERKEN MET GROEPEN..........................................................................................................................................................160
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,SYSTEMISCH WERKEN DEEL 1
1. VERSCHILLENDE PERSPECTIEVEN OP GEDRAG
2. SYSTEEMGERICHT WERKEN: INLEIDING
2.1 EEN INIDIVDU
2.2 WERKVELD VAN DE PSYCHOLOGISCH CONSULTE
2.3 DE OORSPRONG VAN SYSTEEMGERICHT WERKEN
2.4 ALGEMENE SYSTEEMTHEORIE
2.5 SLEUTELBEGRIPPEN EN KERNCONCEPTEN
2.6 CASUS
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, 1. VERSCHILLENDE PERSPECTIEVEN OP GEDRAG
Er zijn ≠psychologische stromingen die ≠ perspectieven op gedrag omschrijven:
Psychodynamische stroming
Behavioristisch perspectief
Cognitief perspectief
Systeembenadering als 1 vd stromingen binnen psychologie
Humanistisch perspectief
Biologisch perspectief
Elke stroming vertrekt vanuit eigen visie op menselijk gedrag
Positieve psychologie
+ legt eigen accenten
Oplossingsgericht werken
Systeemgerichte benadering
Systeemgerichte = Gedrag interpreteren als logische reactie dat volgt uit het systeem als geheel
benadering
= Te zien met relaties en interacties tussen x’en
= Gedrag als logische reactie op wat zich afspeelt in het systeem als geheel
Andere manier van kijken naar werkelijkheid
Elk gedrag heeft een betekenis en functie
Het geheel van verklaringen en betekenissen
Gedrag valt samen met relaties die er zijn tussen individu & omgeving.
SB ziet mens in relatie tot context of sociale systeem waarin het individu leeft
SB is een manier van kijken waarbij elk gedrag een betekenis heeft en een
functie
Gedrag van x’en kan pas begrepen worden binnen context van individu/cliënt
Het geheel van al die betekenissen en verklaringen omvat het systemisch
denken. Alle informatie is dus waardevol om te kunnen begrijpen wat er
gebeurt.
Vb: Verhaal vd olifant wetenschapper bekijken elk een ander deel vh dier
conclusie: als we alle info samenleggen krijg je een idee vd werkelijkheid
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