Summary
Samenvatting inleiding tot de rechtswetenschap (criminologie)
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Samenvatting bevat ppt's verwerkt met notities + boek samengevat. Les gekregen in mijn eerste semester van Bram en Sebastien.
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
3 reviews
By: estellevergeylen • 4 months ago
By: Sandrabeers • 11 months ago
By: runenuyens1 • 1 year ago
Seller
Follow
criminologiestudent03
Reviews received
Content preview
INHOUDSOPGAVEAfdeling 1: wat is recht? ....................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1. onderscheid objectief en subjectief recht................................................................................................. 5
Definitie: wat is recht? objectieve en subjectieve invulling............................................................................ 5
1.2. Klassieke definitie van het objectieve recht ............................................................................................. 8
1.2.1. Imperatief karakter → rechtsregels verbieden of gebieden ......................................................... 9
1.2.2. Regelt uitsluitend menselijk en uitwendig gedrag ........................................................................ 10
1.2.3. Algemeen of onpersoonlijk ............................................................................................................... 10
1.2.4. Onbepaalde werkingsfeer ................................................................................................................. 11
1.2.5. Afdwingbaar door overheid .............................................................................................................. 11
1.2.6. Doel van het recht Ordening maatschappij ................................................................................... 17
1.3. Enkele begrippen inzake het objectieve recht ......................................................................................18
1.3.1. Positief recht ....................................................................................................................................... 19
1.3.2. Gemeen recht versus bijzonder recht ............................................................................................ 19
1.3.2.1. Gemeen recht v. bijzonder recht – regels van toepassing op verbintenissen.......................... 22
1.3.3. Formeel en materieel recht................................................................................................................... 27
1.3.4. aanvullend recht , gewoon dwingend recht en recht van openbare orde .................................... 27
1.4. Indeling en inhoud van het objectieve recht ..............................................................................................32
Publiekrecht vs. privaatrecht ............................................................................................................................. 33
ondernemingsrecht 1 – concept ‘onderneming’ ........................................................................................... 37
ondernemingsrecht 2 – gevolgen van ‘onderneming zijn’ .......................................................................... 38
intern, internationaal en buitenlands recht ..................................................................................................... 38
Oefening............................................................................................................................................................... 40
Afdeling 2: fundamentele kenmerken van het Belgische staatsbestel ...........................................................40
2.1. rechtsstaat ...................................................................................................................................................41
gebondenheid van overheden aan het recht ................................................................................................. 41
rechtstaat en democratie .................................................................................................................................. 41
beslissing bij meerderheid, maar bescherming van minderheid ................................................................. 42
effectieve rechtsbescherming ........................................................................................................................... 42
2.2. scheiding der machten ..............................................................................................................................42
2.2.1. wetgevende macht ............................................................................................................................ 43
2.2.2. uitvoerende macht ............................................................................................................................. 44
2.2.3. rechterlijke macht............................................................................................................................... 44
2.3. soevereiniteit van de natie (filosofisch begrip) .....................................................................................46
Interne en externe soevereiniteit ..................................................................................................................... 46
niet de volkssoevereiniteit ................................................................................................................................. 46
2.4. erfelijke parlementaire monarchie ...........................................................................................................47
onschendbaarheid en politieke onverantwoordelijkheid van de koning .................................................... 47
2.5. federale staat ontstaan uit een gecentraliseerde eenheidsstaat ........................................................48
Afdeling 3: wet als bron van recht .....................................................................................................................49
,3.1. bronnen van het objectieve recht: algemeen ........................................................................................49
3.1.1. Het begrip rechtsbron kan verschillende betekenissen aannemen........................................... 49
3.1.2. overzicht van de formele rechtsbronnen ....................................................................................... 50
3.2. verschillende betekenissen van het begrip wet in de juridische taal .................................................52
formele wet.......................................................................................................................................................... 53
materiële wet....................................................................................................................................................... 53
3.3. materiële en formele wet ..........................................................................................................................54
3.4. kenmerken van de (materiële) wet ........................................................................................................55
basiskenmerken .................................................................................................................................................. 55
Overzicht van de wetten ................................................................................................................................... 55
Belang van het onderscheid tussen materiële en formele wetten ............................................................. 56
Oefeningen .......................................................................................................................................................... 58
3.5. SOORTEN wetgeving ................................................................................................................................ 59
3.6. federale wetgeving .....................................................................................................................................61
§1 Grondwet ....................................................................................................................................................... 61
§2 wetten in formele zin ................................................................................................................................... 64
§3 soorten formele wetten ............................................................................................................................... 69
§4 koninklijke besluiten (kb)............................................................................................................................ 74
§5 ministeriële besluiten (mb) ........................................................................................................................ 76
§6 BESLUITEN VAN DE STAATSSECRETARISSEN...................................................................................... 77
3.7. lokale wetgeving .........................................................................................................................................78
§1 gedecentraliseerde besturen ...................................................................................................................... 78
§2 provincies ....................................................................................................................................................... 80
§3 gemeenten..................................................................................................................................................... 83
3.8. communautaire en regionale rechtsorden .............................................................................................85
§1 schets van de staatshervormingen ............................................................................................................ 85
§2 BEVOEGDHEIDSVERDELING tussen de federale staat, de gemeenschappen en de gewesten ... 90
§3 COMMUNAUTAIRE en regionale gezagsorganisatie .............................................................................. 98
§4 Decreten ..................................................................................................................................................... 100
§5 Regeringsbesluiten .................................................................................................................................... 102
§6 ‘ministeriële’ besluiten op deelstaatniveau ............................................................................................ 103
3.9. bronnen van internationaal recht.......................................................................................................... 104
§1 verdragen .................................................................................................................................................... 104
3.9.1. supranationale rechtsvorming ....................................................................................................... 110
3.10. hiëarchie der normen ......................................................................................................................... 123
§1 algemeen .................................................................................................................................................... 123
§2 exceptie van onwettigheid bij de gewone rechter ............................................................................... 125
§3 administratief of bestuurlijk toezicht....................................................................................................... 128
§4 annulatieberoep en rechtsherstel in natura of bij equivalent voor de raad van state .................... 129
§5 toetsing van de formele wet door de gewone rechter........................................................................ 135
§6 toetsing van de formele wet door het Grondwettelijk Hof (gw) ....................................................... 137
3.10. hiërarchie der normen – PRO MEMORIE - TER HERRINNERING .............................................. 147
3.11. NIET TE KENNEN ............................................................................................................................... 151
, 3.12. toepassingen van de wet in de ruimte en in de tijd...................................................................... 151
A. probleem van conflicterende rechtsnormen ........................................................................................... 151
B. schema voor wetsconflicten in de tijd ..................................................................................................... 152
C. principe: onmiddellijke werking ................................................................................................................ 153
D. uitzondering 1: eerbiedigende werking .................................................................................................. 155
E. uitzondering 2: retroactieve werking ....................................................................................................... 156
F. vereenvoudigd stappenplan ...................................................................................................................... 157
Afdeling 4: andere rechtsbronnen? ................................................................................................................ 158
4.1 rechtspraak en gerechtelijke organisaties ........................................................................................... 158
§1 inrichting van hoven en rechtbanken ..................................................................................................... 158
§2 beginselen burgerlijke rechtspleging ...................................................................................................... 166
4.2 algemene rechtsbeginselen ................................................................................................................... 170
§1 definitie ........................................................................................................................................................ 170
§2 bespreking van aantal algemene rechtsbeginselen ............................................................................. 172
4.3 gewoonte.................................................................................................................................................. 173
§1 algemeen .................................................................................................................................................... 173
§2 kenmerken van het gewoonterecht........................................................................................................ 173
§3 verhouding tussen de gewoonte en de wet ......................................................................................... 174
4.4 rechtsleer .................................................................................................................................................. 175
ADELING 5: RECHTSSUBJECTEN, RECHTSOBJECTEN -, RECHTSFEITEN EN RECHTSHANDELINGEN 175
5.1. rechtssubjecten............................................................................................................................................ 176
§1 natuurlijke persoon .................................................................................................................................... 176
§2 rechtspersoon ............................................................................................................................................ 180
5.2. rechtsobjecten ......................................................................................................................................... 186
§1 definitie ........................................................................................................................................................ 186
§2 classificatie subjectieve rechten in functie van het rechtsobject ....................................................... 186
§3 patrimoniale en extrapatrimoniale rechten ............................................................................................ 186
§4 zakelijke rechten, vorderingsrechten en intellectuele rechten ........................................................... 187
§5 lichamelijke en onlichamelijke rechten ................................................................................................... 191
§6 roerende en onroerende goederen ........................................................................................................ 191
§7 vermogen .................................................................................................................................................... 196
§8 rechtsmisbruik ............................................................................................................................................ 196
5.3. RECHTSFEITEN EN RECHTSHANDELINGEN .................................................................................... 198
§1 BEGRIPPEN RECHTSFEIT EN RECHTSHANDELING .......................................................................... 200
§2 ELEMENTEN VAN DE RECHTSHANDELING ....................................................................................... 200
§3 enkele fundamentele onderscheidingen m.b.t. contracten ................................................................. 211
§4 totstandkoming van het contract ............................................................................................................ 215
§5 tenietgaan van het contract ..................................................................................................................... 219
6.4. buitencontractuele aansprakelijkheid ................................................................................................... 224
§1 inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 224
§2 persoonlijke aansprakelijkheid ................................................................................................................. 226
§3 kwalitatieve aansprakelijkheid.................................................................................................................. 232
§4 samenloop en co-existentie ..................................................................................................................... 235
, afdeling 6: bewijsrecht ..................................................................................................................................... 238
6.1. bronnen van het bewijsrecht ................................................................................................................. 239
§1 wettelijke regels ......................................................................................................................................... 239
§2 conventionele regels ................................................................................................................................. 239
6.2. voorwerp van het bewijs ........................................................................................................................ 239
6.3. TYPE BEWIJSSTELSEL ........................................................................................................................... 240
§1. Gereglementeerd bewijs.......................................................................................................................... 240
§2. Vrij bewijs ................................................................................................................................................... 240
6.4. bewijslast – wie moet bewijzen?.......................................................................................................... 241
§1. Principe: Actori incumbit probatio .......................................................................................................... 241
§2. Uitzonderingen .......................................................................................................................................... 242
6.5. hiërarchie van de bewijsmiddelen ........................................................................................................ 242
§1. Primauteit van het geschreven bewijs .................................................................................................. 242
§2. Afwijking van artikel 8.9 BW ................................................................................................................... 243
§3. Vereisten geschreven bewijs .................................................................................................................. 243
§4. Bewijswaarde ............................................................................................................................................ 245
extra info examen ............................................................................................................................................. 245
INLEIDING TOT DE RECHTSWETENSCHAP
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller criminologiestudent03. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.78. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
50155 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now