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Class notes Gastroentrology
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Notes of gastroentrology, really good of the hardest lesson.
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- The mucosal Immume systemVna GIanluca
Skipp details
Concept gwn
1. GI TRAC
How to respond to antigen_> driven by exposure and the diet we have
Protect huge surface
Pathogens also learned how to enter
Fibers -> to their metabolism -> short chains
Vit K
Large amount bact -> you need otherwise noway you live
Same time pathogen -> fight against it
We have 1 cell layer _> using the mucosa to attack the body
Several tasks to live a healty life. We have the most abounded imuume system _> to reduce
amount of antigen _> coming from the food _> and coming from microbiota
Has to be tolerant to many things
We look at the imuumsystem early on. There is cross talk between 2 pats of the gut _> .to
fight against pathogen
We only have 1 part of cells -> absorping the nutrients.
Imuumcells in the submucosa -> presensce of B cells _> that are secreting IgA antibody _>
this IgA secreted ->. Blocking the antigen of the mucosa
Glycoprot -> important to keep out bac
Mucus layer > first layer -> sterile no growth
Outer mucus -> you have bac _> protein intake -> you need prot -> to non digested
You are not provding prot -. Then they will invade the inner musc layer
Different imuumcells -> macrophages -> obviously -> some bac can cross -> able to uptake
the bac -> before they spread out
, We need to be able to -> we have very crucial cells -> relatively recently -> by secretion of
anti inflamatoiry proliferation -> the use of T cells
Very crucial at the level of the mucosa
How to see new protein _> and to see that it is a new protein and not bad
Right is colon (green is bact _> close proximity _> there is a inter space ->
1 intestinal vili
Grey epithelial cells
You can see a lot of cells
Large DC -> epi cells -> dendrydic cells -> t cells_> typically in. blue _> to fight the possible
pathogen
Your gut _> different food -> and the presence of the microbiota -> to avoid _> there is
constant inflammation of the GI tract _ > if your gut is not to disnigoush -> can lead to
disease
The major difference _> are a few concepts -> the major difference -> immunoglobulins ->
IgA
They are secreted at the mucosa -> they are actively secreted outside
Mostly be produced -> at the level of the mucosa -> why the covid vaccine -> from severe
disease but not infected
Vaccine _> circulating iGg -> but not able to IgA _> so mucosal vaccine IGA . but hard
Effector T cells -> are located at the tissue level _> need to be ready there -> to be able to
fight to antigen -> you have 2 different plays -> the action of the imuumresponds
Presence of the bacteria -> most of the time circulating bacteria
Well organized -> in the gut -.> structure that is organized -> we have lymphonodes _> we
have appendix.
Schematic intestinal imuum
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