NU545 Patho Study Guide Unit 1|103 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated

What is metabolic absorption? (p.2) - ️️• 1 of 8 cellular functions of eukaryote cell • Chief function is to take in & use nutrients or other substances from surroundings • Ex: kidney (fluid absorption and synthesize proteins) and Intestinal epithelial cells (fluid absorption/protein enzyme synthesis) What uses oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms in an oxidative reaction? (p.8) - ️️• Peroxisomes contain enzymes that use O2 to remove H+ in oxidative reactions that produces hydrogen peroxide which is then used by catalase to further oxidize other substances like: phenols, formic acid, formaldehyde, and alcohol During cell injury what is released that is capable of cellular autodigestion? (p. 8) - ️️• Lysosomal enzymes (hydrolases), or the digestive enzymes within the lysosome • Autolysosomes, or autophagosomes Where is the genetic info contained in the cell? (p. 2) - ️️Nucleus, specifically the nucleolus Cell membranes contain which major chemical components? (p. 12) - ️️Lipids & Proteins in a complex lipid bilayer What allows potassium to diffuse in and out of cells? (p. 31-32) - ️️• The Na+-K+-ATP pump. Uses direct energy of ATP; found in excitable tissues (muscles/nerves) & also in kidneys & salivary glands. Involves the movement of Na+ & K+ against a concentration gradient. • Protein enzyme ATPase allows potassium to move in and out of the cell. • Mediated transport = channel protein through which ions can diffuse (K+ leak channel). How is a cell protected from injury? (p.12) - ️️• Plasma membrane - Acts as a barrier to toxic molecules, macromolecules, & foreign organisms/cells.