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Samenvatting anatomie 2e semester

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samenvatting anatomie 2e semester

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  • December 22, 2023
  • 33
  • 2022/2023
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H5: Regionale anatomie van de onderste ledematen
5.1. De bekkengordel
Bekkengordel
Ossa coxae
Os sacrum
Bewegingen: anterversie en retroversie
Gewrichten
Articulationes cinguli pelvici
- Articulatio sacro-iliaca
o Nutatie/contranutatie
- Symphysis pubis
o Weinig bewegelijkheid
Vrouwen hebben een stompe hoek, mannen scherpe


Sacro-iliacaal gewricht
Tss beide facies auriculares
Versterkt door 3 ligamenten
- Lig. Sacro-iliacum ant.
- Ligg. Sacro-iliaca post.
- Ligg. Sacro-iliaca interossea
o Tss tuberositas ilium en
tuberositas van os sacrum




Proc. costales L5 naar crista iliaca = lig.
Ilium lumbale

,De symphysis pubis

discus pubis

verstevigd door 2 lig.

- Lig. pubicum inf.
- Lig. pubicum sup.




Extra ligamenten

Lig. sacrotuberale

- Ventrale zijde sacrum en deel ilium
NAAR tuber ischiadicum

Lig. sacrospinale

- Van sacrum & coccyx NAAR spina
ischiadica




4 doorgangen in OL

1. foramen ischiadicum majus
a. N. ischiadicus
b. N. gluteus inf. & sup.
2. Foramen ischiadicum minus
3. Doorgang onder lig. inguinale
a. A./V./N. femoralis
4. Canalis obturatorius 1
a. N. obturatorius

2


HERBEKIJK PLEXUS LUMBALIS & SACRALIS 3 4

+ bloedvaten van de OL (zie slides)

,5.2. Het heupgewricht – artrologie

Articulatio coxae

Kogelgewricht

- Caput femoris
o Lig. capitis femoris
- Acetabulum (facies lunata)
o Labrum acetabuli
o Lig. trans. acetabuli

Stabiel/stevig/gewrichtsdragend

Relatief beperkte mobiliteit

- Beendervormig
- Stevige ligamenten

Bewegingen

- Endorotatie/exorotatie
- Flexie/extensie
- Abductie/adductie

Flexiemogelijkheid beperkt door HAMSTRINGS



3 ligamenten beperken bewegingsmogelijkheid

1. Membrana synovialis (groen)
a. Smeert het gewricht
b. Tubulair rond. Lig. capitis femoris
c. Omslagplooi distaal collum
femoris
2. Membrana fibrosa (gewrichtskapsel)
a. Linea intertrochanterica vooraan
b. Rond synoviaal membraan
c. Proximaal v crista
intertrochanterica achteraan

, Ventraal zicht




Ventraal zicht
Lig. iliofemorale

- rond. Lig. capitis femoris
- Omslagplooi distaal collum femoris
- Beperkt extensie vd heup en retroversie
vh bekken Dorsaal zicht

Lig. pubofermorale

- Beperkt abductie vd heup

Lig. ischiofemoral

- Achterzijde acetabulum naar voor




Indeling spieren vd heup

Ventraal

- M. iliopsoas

Dorsaal: bilspieren:

- Dorsolaterale groep (oppervlakkig)
o M. gluteus maximus
o M. gluteus medius
o M. gluteus minimus
o M. tensor fasciae latae
- Pelvitrochanterische groep (diep)
o M. piriformis
o M. gemellus sup. & inf.
o M. obturatorius internus
o M. quadratus femoris

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