MLPAO Test Prep ~ Hematology Questions and Answers Graded A+

MLPAO Test Prep ~ Hematology Questions and Answers Graded A+ What does CBC stand for? Complete Blood Count What are the formed elements of blood? WBC, RBC, and Platelets Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:11 / 0:15 Full screen EDTA Anticoagulant Maintains cell shape and size and prevents blood from clotting by binding to calcium Heparin Anticoagulant Initiates cell clumping and provides blue background staining Citrate Anticoagulant Dilutes the blood due to the volume of the liquid and is used for platelet count only CBC handling and storage: Refrigerate at __ᵒC until testing 4 CBC handling and storage: When transporting to other labs/hospitals surround with ice packs CBC handling and storage: Samples are _____ before testing mixed well by inversion CBC handling and storage: Samples must be tested within __ 24h CBC handling and storage: Peripheral blood smears must be made within 24h CBC handling and storage: Samples kept for longer than ___ = CANNOT BE USED FOR TESTING 24h What happens if CBC is tested after 24h? Platelets clump, WBC nuclei disintegrate, WBC cytoplasm contain dark granules and Vacuoles, and RBCs swell and break down Coagulation: Specimen of choice? Plasma Coagulation: What colour tube? What is the additive? light blue, sodium citrate Sodium Citrate binds to ___ preventing ____ calcium, coagulation Sodium Citrate tube must be filled to the maximum draw capacity Coagulation: Document if patient on anticoagulant therapy or aspirin Handling and Storage of Coagulation samples: Preparation requirements Centrifuge and separate Handling and Storage of Coagulation samples: ____ plasma if not tested within ___ of arrival Freeze, 4h Coagulation samples: Some clotting factors are considered to be highly labile (destroyed at room temperature) What are the three methods of Peripheral blood smears (PBS)? Wedge method (manual), Spun method (automated slide spinner), and automated method (analyzer) Thickness of film: HEMOGLOBIN/HEMATOCRIT INCREASED = angle of the spreader slide ___ Decreased Sodium Citrate tubes should be drawn ___ except when blood cultures are ordered. First Thickness of film: HEMOGLOBIN/HEMATOCRIT DECREASED = angle of the spreader slide ___ Increased HCT Values: Male, Female 0.40-0.50, 0.35-0.59 Good blood film should be ___ to ___ the length of the slide 2/3, ¾ Good blood film should have a slightly ___ or ____ edge Rounded, feathered The angle of the spreader slide is approximately ___ degrees 35 The greater the angle of the spreader slide the ____ and _____ the film Shorter, Thicker The lower the angle of the spreader slide the ___ and ____ the film Longer and Thinner Blood film should be allowed to ____ ___ completely before staining procedures air dry Fixative found in stain is Methanol Slides are washed with buffer of pH ___ to develop colour on the slide 6.4 Stain is comprised of ____ and ____ dyes Basic, acidic What is the basic (cationic) dye? Methylene blue Methylene blue stains the ___ of the cell and the granules of _____ (____ in colour) Nucleus, basophils, blue-grey What is the acidic (anionic) dye? Eosin Eosin stains ___ and the granules of ____ (_____ in colour) Hemoglobin, eosinophils, red-orange Neutral cell components utilized ___ dye resulting in the stain to be ____ Both, Purple Manual staining procedure: Stain for approximately ___ 1-3m Manual staining procedures: Add ___ proportions of buffer equal Manual staining procedures: Allow slide to sit for at least ___ 3m What to do if slides are too blue? Decrease stain time, increase rinsing time, decrease buffer pH What to do if slides are too pink? Increase stain time, decrease rinsing time, increase buffer pH What may cause slides to have stain deposits? Dirty slide, stain solutions not filtered properly, stain dried up on slide. HCT stands for? Hematocrit Hematocrit is the volume of RBCs after centrifugation for ____ at ____ rpm 5m, 1200 HCT: Cells are typically ___% of blood volume 40-50 HCT: Must be centrifuged within ___ of collection 4h HCT Normal Values: Critical 0.20 and 0.60 HCT Normal Values: Infant 0.50-0.60 HCT Normal Values: Toddler 0.35-0.42 HCT Normal Values: Male 0.40-0.50 HCT Normal Values: Female 0.35-0.59 Optical light scatter is used in Blood cell differentials (counting) Optical light scatter: Forward angle light scatter measures Cell size and volume Optical light scatter: Side light scatter measures granularity and nuclear size Units: RBC count x10^12/L Units: WBC count x10^9/L Units: Platelet count x10^9/L Units: Reticulocytes Whole number