Samenvatting Micro-economie (dia's, grafieken, boek, extra uitleg)
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Course
1201TEWAEC
Institution
Universiteit Antwerpen (UA)
Dit is een samenvatting van het vak Micro-economie van Sam Cosaert. Alle dia's zijn vertaald in het Nederlands met notities van 2 studenten. Alle gekende grafieken en bewijzen staan hier in.
Het is een lange samenvatting maar het bevat alle belangrijkste delen van het boek.
Micro-economie
2023-2024
Examen:
- 10/20 oefeningen
- 10/20 theorie
o 30% is een wiskundige afleiding
o 30% micro-economische kennis
o 40% grafische analyses
- Alles tem hfdst 13
- De slides!!
- In het bijzonder van belang:
o Fundamenten van de consumententheorie (hfdst 3)
o Fundamenten van producententheorie (hfdst 6)
o Uitbreidingen (op het einde van de hoofdstukken vb. arbeidsaanbodmodel,
karakteristiekenmodel van lancaster)
o Links tussen die hoofdstukken (vb tussen 6 en 7)
o Marktvormen (monopolie hfst 11, marktvormen hfdst 13 en belastingen hfdst 10)
Inhoud
Hoofdstuk één ............................................................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Waarom micro-economie studeren? ......................................................................................... 6
1.2 Drie Analytische hulpmiddelen.................................................................................................. 6
1.3 Positieve en normatieve analyse ............................................................................................... 7
Hoofdstuk twee: Vraag en Aanvoeranalyse ................................................................................................... 7
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................... 7
Een kort overzicht: vraag, aanbod, evenwicht, elasticiteiten .................................................................... 7
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 16
Back-of-the-envelope berekeningen ....................................................................................................... 16
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 17
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 18
Het effect van vraag- en aanbodschokken op het marktevenwicht ............................................................ 18
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 20
Meerdere markten: algemeen evenwicht ............................................................................................... 20
Hoofdstuk drie: Consumentenvoorkeuren en het begrip nut ..................................................................... 22
1
, Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 22
Voorkeuren en hulpprogramma: een snel overzicht ............................................................................... 22
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 29
Quasi-lineaire nutsfunctie ....................................................................................................................... 29
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 31
Kritiek op de aanname van 'egoïstisch' gedrag: voorkeuren met betrekking tot anderen ..................... 31
Hoofdstuk vier: Consumentenkeuze ........................................................................................................... 33
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 33
Keuze van de consument: een snelle beoordeling .................................................................................. 33
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 38
Nuttige vereenvoudiging: Samengestelde goederen .............................................................................. 38
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 38
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 41
Jaarlijkse kosten en eenheidsprijzen: Lid worden van een club .............................................................. 41
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 41
Kiezen uit een menu met abonnementen: abonnementen voor mobiele telefoons.............................. 42
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 42
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 45
Dualiteit ....................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 46
Geopenbaarde voorkeurstheorie ............................................................................................................ 46
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 48
Kritiek op de aanname van 'rationeel' gedrag ......................................................................................... 48
Hoofdstuk vijf: De vraagtheorie................................................................................................................... 52
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 52
Individuele vraagcurven: een snel overzicht ........................................................................................... 52
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 55
Inkomens- en substitutie-effecten........................................................................................................... 55
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 60
Consumentensurplus............................................................................................................................... 60
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 62
Geaggregeerde vraag en netwerkexternaliteiten.................................................................................... 63
2
, Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 65
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 68
De kenmerkenbenadering van de consumentenvraag (K. Lancaster) ..................................................... 68
Hoofdstuk Zes: Ingangen en productie functies .......................................................................................... 70
Productie functies.................................................................................................................................... 70
Overzicht (recensie)................................................................................................................................. 73
Inputsubstitutie en isoquanten ............................................................................................................... 73
Overzicht (recensie)................................................................................................................................. 78
Keert terug naar schaal ........................................................................................................................... 78
Overzicht (recensie)................................................................................................................................. 80
Technologisch proces............................................................................................................................... 80
Hoofdstuk Zeven: Kosten en kosten minimaliseren .................................................................................... 82
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 82
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 85
Kostenminimalisatie ................................................................................................................................ 85
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 87
Functies voor invoervraag: vergelijkende statica .................................................................................... 87
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 93
Minimalisering van kosten op korte termijn ........................................................................................... 93
Hoofdstuk Acht: Kostencurven .................................................................................................................... 95
Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................. 95
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 100
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 102
Relatie tussen kostencurven op korte en lange termijn ........................................................................ 104
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 107
Kostenfuncties ....................................................................................................................................... 107
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 108
Kostenfuncties schatten: econometrische kostenmodellen.................................................................. 109
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 110
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 113
Leereffecten en volume-effecten .......................................................................................................... 114
Hoofdstukken Negen en Tien: Perfecte concurrentie en Toepassingen van overheidsingrijpen .............. 117
3
, Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 118
Winstmaximalisatie door concurrerende bedrijven .............................................................................. 118
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 121
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 125
Hoofdstuk tien: Concurrerende markten: Toepassingen van tussenkomst van de overheid .................... 132
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 132
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 137
Prijsplafonds en vloeren ........................................................................................................................ 137
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 138
Hoofdstuk Elf: Monopolie en monopsonie ............................................................................................... 141
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 141
Toetredingsdrempels ............................................................................................................................. 141
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 141
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 147
Prijsregel voor omgekeerde elasticiteit ................................................................................................. 147
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 150
Prijzen in de praktijk: prijsverhogingen ................................................................................................. 150
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 151
Monopolie voor meerdere planten ....................................................................................................... 151
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 152
De welvaartskosten van het monopolie ................................................................................................ 153
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 154
Monopsonie .......................................................................................................................................... 154
Hoofdstuk Twaalf: Overschot vastleggen Algemene introductie .............................................................. 157
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 157
Prijsdiscriminatie: Inleiding ................................................................................................................... 157
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 157
Eerstegraads prijsdiscriminatie.............................................................................................................. 158
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 159
Tweedegraads prijsdiscriminatie ........................................................................................................... 159
Overzicht................................................................................................................................................ 166
Derdegraads prijsdiscriminatie: Marktscheiding ................................................................................... 166
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