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samenvatting microbiologie CB 2
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Inhoudsopgave1. Metabolisme van micro-organismen............................................................................................... 1
1.1. Naamgeving metabolisme ....................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Metabolisme............................................................................................................................ 1
1. Chemo-organotrofe energiewinning ....................................................................................... 2
2. Chemolithotroof metabolisme ................................................................................................ 4
3. Fototrofen................................................................................................................................ 5
2. Taxonomie ....................................................................................................................................... 7
2.1. Inleiding ................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2. Klassieke technieken................................................................................................................ 7
2.3. Moleculaire technieken ........................................................................................................... 7
3. Deinococci en Non-proteobacteriën ............................................................................................. 10
3.1. Inleiding ................................................................................................................................. 10
3.2. Aquificae en Thermotogae .................................................................................................... 10
3.3. Deinococcus – Thermus......................................................................................................... 10
3.4. Fotosynthetische bacteriën ................................................................................................... 10
1. Phylum Chlorobi .................................................................................................................... 10
2. Phylum Chloroflexi................................................................................................................. 11
3. Phylum Cyanobacteriën (blauwalgen) ................................................................................... 11
3.5. Phylum Chlamydiae ............................................................................................................... 12
3.6. Phylum Spirochaeten............................................................................................................. 12
3.7. Phylum Bacteroidetes............................................................................................................ 12
4. De Proteobacteriën ....................................................................................................................... 13
4.1. Inleiding ................................................................................................................................. 13
4.2. α............................................................................................................................................. 14
4.2.1. Purpere niet-zwavel bacteriën....................................................................................... 14
4.2.2. Rickettsia en Coxiella ..................................................................................................... 14
4.2.3. Caulobacteraceae en Hyphomicrobiaceae .................................................................... 14
4.2.4. Rhizobiaceae.................................................................................................................. 15
4.2.5. Nitrificerende bacteriën ................................................................................................ 15
4.3. β ............................................................................................................................................. 15
4.3.1. Orde Neisseriales ........................................................................................................... 15
4.3.2. Orde Burkholderiales..................................................................................................... 15
4.3.3. Orde Hydrogenophilales ................................................................................................ 16
4.4. γ ............................................................................................................................................. 16
1
, 4.4.1. Purpere Zwavelbacteriën............................................................................................... 16
4.4.2. Orde Methylococcales ................................................................................................... 16
4.4.3. Orde Pseudomonadales ................................................................................................ 16
4.4.4. Orde Vibrionales ............................................................................................................ 16
4.4.5. Orde Enterobacteriales.................................................................................................. 16
4.4.6. Orde Pasteurellales ........................................................................................................ 17
4.5. δ ............................................................................................................................................. 17
4.5.1. Ordes Desulfovibrionales, Desulfobacterales en Desulfuromonadales ........................ 17
4.5.2. Orde Bdellovibrionales .................................................................................................. 17
4.6. ε ............................................................................................................................................. 18
4.6.1. Campylobacter .............................................................................................................. 18
4.6.2. Helicobacter................................................................................................................... 18
5. Grampositieve bacteriën met een laag G+C gehalte ..................................................................... 19
5.1. Inleiding ................................................................................................................................. 19
5.2. Klasse van de Mycoplasma’s.................................................................................................. 19
5.3. Klasse Clostridia ..................................................................................................................... 19
5.4. Klasse Bacilli........................................................................................................................... 20
6. Grampositieve bacteriën met een hoog gehalte G+C ................................................................... 22
6.1. Inleiding ................................................................................................................................. 22
6.2. Suborde Actinomycineae....................................................................................................... 22
6.3. Suborde Micrococcineae ....................................................................................................... 22
6.4. Suborde Corynebacterineae .................................................................................................. 22
6.5. Suborde Propionibacterineae................................................................................................ 22
6.6. Suborde Streptomycineae ..................................................................................................... 23
6.7. Suborde Frankineae............................................................................................................... 23
6.8. Orde Bifidobacteriales ........................................................................................................... 23
7. De Archea ...................................................................................................................................... 23
7.1. Inleiding ................................................................................................................................. 23
7.2. Phylum Crenarcheota ............................................................................................................ 23
7.3. Phylum Euryarcheota ............................................................................................................ 23
2
, 1. Metabolisme van micro-organismen
1.1. Naamgeving metabolisme
• C-bron:
o Heterotroof: bron = organisch materiaal
o Autotroof: bron = CO2
• E- - bron
o Organotroof: bron = organische moleculen
o Lithotroof: bron = anorganische moleculen
• E-bron
o Fototroof: bron = licht
o Chemotroof bron=chemische reactie (oxidatie => ontstaan gradiënt)
1.2 Metabolisme
ETS= elektronen transportsysteem ➔ zorgen voor gradiënt ➔ zorgen voor ATP-productie
1
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