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Samenvatting - Practicum: biochemie en biotechnologie, Thermodynamica (J000496A) $8.62   Add to cart

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Samenvatting - Practicum: biochemie en biotechnologie, Thermodynamica (J000496A)

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Volledige samenvatting van Practicum Thermodynamica Leerpaden + powerpoints

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  • December 28, 2023
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  • 2023/2024
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Thermodynamica


 Alle processen leveren energie of kosten energie
 Thermodynamica: manier bestuderen waarop organismen energie verkrijgen, doorsturen en
gebruiken
o Energiebalans opmaken
 Gibbs vrije energie G: inschatten of proces energie oplevert of energie nodig heeft om te
kunnen doorgaan
o ∆G = de verandering in Gibbs vrije energie voor en na
het proces
o Spontaan proces: G ligt lager na reactie tov start
o Niet spontaan proces: G ligt hoger na reactie tov start
o In evenwicht: G voor en na reactie blijft gelijk
o ∆G zegt niet over snelheid, enkel over de richting
 Voorspellen in welke richting reactie doorgaat
 Verhogen of verlagen G is het resultaat v. transformatie tss. verschillende energievormen


Standaard Gibbs vrije energie ∆G° (in kJ/mol)

= Gibbs vrije energie verandering bij de reactie onder standaardcondities

 Alle reactanten en producten: conc. = 1M; p = 1 atm; T = 25°C
 Ieder proces  1 specifieke ∆G° waarde
 ∆G° < 0: thermodynamisch gunstig proces, bij standaardcondities
 ∆G° > 0: thermodynamisch ongunstig proces, bij standaardcondities
 Werkelijke richting bepalen bij condities die afwijken vd. standaardcondities
o ∆G berekenen: ∆G = ∆G° + RTlnQ
o R = 8,315 J/(mol*K) of 8,315 * 10-3 kJ/(mol*K)
o T = temperatuur in Kelvin (K)
o Q = reactiequotiënt
 Voor de reactie: A + B  C + D
o Q = [ C ] [D]
[ A ] [B ]
 ∆G = ∆G° (bij standaardcondities)
o Alle producten en reactanten die aanwezig zijn: 1M
o Q=1
o Ln(1) = 0  RTln(1) = 0
 ∆G > ∆G° (meer producten dan reactanten)
o Q>1
o Ln(>1) levert een positief getal op, dus ook RTln(>1)
o Minder gunstig ivm. de standaardcondities
 ∆G < ∆G° (meer reactanten dan producten)
o Q<1
o Ln(0<1) levert een negatief getal op, dus ook RTln(0<1)
o Gunstiger ivm. de standaardcondities

Biochemische standaard Gibbs vrije
energie ∆G°’ (in kJ/mol)

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