1. _________ are devoted to the design and collection of valid and reliable data that
address the causes of crime as well as crime patterns and trends.
ANS: Criminologists LO: 1 REF: p. 4
2. Criminologists have been trained in diverse fields – sociology, criminal justice,
political, science, psychology, political science, economics, and natural sciences -
because criminology is an _________ _________.
ANS: interdisciplinary science LO: 1 REF: p. 4
3. The _________ of law is also referred to as the study of law and society and is
concerned with the way social forces shape criminal law.
ANS: sociology LO: 1 REF: p. 4
4. _________ _________ is a systematic set of interrelated statements that explain
some aspect of social life.
ANS: Social law LO: 1 REF: p. 5
5. Observed phenomena that can be quantified and measured is _________
_________ .
ANS: Social fact LO: 1 REF: p. 5
6. Hans von Hentig and Stephen Schafer believed that the role of the _________
had to be considered before a full understanding of crime could be developed.
ANS: victim LO: 1 REF: p. 11
7. Gross and colleagues found that exonerations of death row inmates are more than
_________ times more frequent than exonerations for other prisoners.
ANS: 25 LO: 1 REF: p. 11
8. The _________ view of crime traces its antecedents to the symbolic interaction
school of sociology.
ANS: interactionist LO: 1 REF: p. 14
1
,Test Bank
9. Criminal statistics, the sociology of law, theory construction, criminal behavior
systems, penology, and victimology comprise the _________ _________
ANS: criminological enterprise LO: 4 REF: p. 19
10. The consensus view of crime links illegal behavior to the concept of _________
_________.
ANS: social harm LO: 5 REF: p. 12
11. According to the _________ _________of crime, society is a collection diverse
groups. Groups able to assert their political power use the law and the criminal
justice system to advance their economic and social position.
ANS: conflict view LO: 5 REF: p. 13
12. _________ _________ _________ is the written code that defines crimes and
their punishments, and reflects the values, beliefs, and opinions of society’s
mainstream.
ANS: Substantive criminal law LO: 6 REF: p. 16
13. To satisfy the requirements of _________ _________, guilty actions must be
voluntary.
ANS: actus reus LO: 7 REF: p. 15
14. In most situations, for an act to constitute a crime it must be done with criminal
intent or _________ _________.
ANS: mens rea LO: 8 REF: p. 15
15. _________ funding of research influences the direction of criminological inquiry
because such funding sources often dictate what to study.
ANS: Governmental LO: 10 REF: p. 23
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Criminologists use ________ methods to study the nature, extent, cause, and
control of criminal behavior.
a. economic
b. scientific
c. sociological
d. psychological
ANS: B LO: 1 REF: p. 4
2
, Chapter 1: Crime and Criminology
2. __________ is an academic discipline that makes use of scientific methods to
study the nature, extent, cause, and control of criminal behavior.
a. Sociology
b. Criminal Justice
c. Criminology
d. Psychology
ANS: C LO: 1 REF: p. 4
3. Deviant behavior:
a. violates the legal code
b. is considered a felony
c. is mala in se
d. departs from social norms
ANS: D LO: 1 REF: p. 5
4. Criminologists must use the __________ __________ to study crime.
a. casebook method
b. history method
c. scientific method
d. law method
ANS: C LO: 1 REF: p. 5
5. The study of agencies of social control such as the police, courts, and corrections
is:
a. criminal justice.
b. criminology.
c. sociology.
d. law inquiry.
ANS: A LO: 1 REF: p. 4
6. Criminologists who devote their studies to how the system operates, how
criminals are treated, and how policies shape crimes rates and trends focus on:
a. theories.
b. justice.
c. police.
d. courts.
ANS: B LO: 1 REF: p. 5
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