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Summary Readings Week 1

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Mandatory Readings Week 1 for the Course International Investment Law. Summary of the Book chapters provided for this week.

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  • H1 h2
  • March 27, 2018
  • 7
  • 2017/2018
  • Summary
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International Investment Law
Readings 1: Introduction
Mandatory Reading Materials
Schefer, ‘International Investment Law: Text, Cases and Materials’,
Chapters 1 and 2
1. Introduction to the study of international investment law
1. Introduction
 IIAs are very apparent, over 2500 in force, diferent types of
treaties but similar provisions, however, there are a lot of
diferences open for debate
 Investors use IIAs to challenge foreign states’ sovereign actions 
ISDS
2. Why investment law is diferent from other areas of economic
law
 Host state = state in which the investment is made
 Home state = state of which the investor is a national
 Investment = long-term relationship between investor and host
state, whereby the investor gains the possibility of receiving
financial profits, but this profit is dependent on the oficial or
unoficial actions of the government of the host state
 Investor has a strong position during the negotiation phase, as the
government of the host state wants the money, but becomes lost as
the implementation of its investment goes wrong
 Hence, there is the law of FDI, to regulate shitty situations like this
3. An overview of the history of investment and investment
protection
1. The evolution of international investment law
 Greek & Roman law  bilateral investment treaties
 Middle Ages  general principles to govern foreigners, however,
there was droit d’aubain, no right to property for aliens

,  De Vattel  property as extension of person, and hence also
extension of foreign countries, so one should be courteous towards
it  state-to-state dispute settlement
 Colonisation  capitulation treaties
 Mid-nineteenth century  development as the corporation as a
legal person and limited liability as a concept
2. The Calvo Doctrine’s challenge to international investment
law
 In Europe  foreign property owners were protected on the same
level as nationals
 South American states began expropriation without compensation
to their European investors, which led to skirmishes in the
international geopolitical sphere  resentment among host states,
and the Drago-Porter treaty outlawed the use of force for
investment protection
 Bolshevik revolution  no more private property in the Soviet
Union  minimum standards/national treatment debate  Hull-
standards
3. From the New International Economic Order to the
present: FDI as curse, blessing, or simply a fact of global
economic life?
 Bretton Woods + UNGA Resolutions + CERDS  worsened the
situation of the global South, and hence, there was the NIEO:
fostering the development of the dependency theory  centre-
periphery theory with a lot of restrictions on foreign investors
 1980s  classical theory of investment promoted by the multilateral
financial institutions, where hosts began ofering a lot of benefits in
order to secure foreign investment
 Dichotomy: developing countries argued for national treatment
standards of investment protection where in the BIT negotiation
rooms they bind themselves to more-than-minimum commitments to
protect foreign property

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