Nurs 201 Neonatal Complications Q&A 2024 Exam Assessment Findings - ANS--Decreased tone & flexion -Translucent skin, more lanugo -Decreased subcutaneous & brown fat -Weak cry, diminished reflexes -Immature suck, swallow breathing -Apnea and bradycardia -Hypotension -Anemia -Little creases, smooth feet -Breast nipples are flat and tiny Nursing Care for Gavage Feedings - ANS--Auscultate for bowel sounds, palpate for distention -Obtain abdominal circumference -Assess for gastric residual & emesis -Provide non -nutritive suc king -Check stools for occult blood as ordered -Weigh daily - 10 to 20 g/kg/day weight gain Handling Premature Infant - ANS--Quiet setting, dim lighting -Cluster nursing activities while awake -Gentle skin care -Position q 2 to 3 hrs, swaddle, nest -Kanga roo care Respiratory distress syndrome - RDS - ANS--Lack of surfactant -has to line the alveoli to keep open -Alveoli collapse at end of expiration d/t lack of surfactant Causes atelectasis -Occurs if ≤ 32 weeks, can occur later -Antepartum steroid decreases severity Assessment - ANS--Tachypnea -Retractions - intercostal, subcostal, substernal -Expiratory grunting -Nasal flaring -Increased levels of oxygen required to maintain saturation -Skin color gray, cyanotic -Breaths sound s decreased d/t atelectasis -Lethargy, hypotonia - d/t lack O2 -Hypoxemia, acidosis, tachycardia Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - ANS--Chronic lung disorder Fibrosis, atelectasis, increased pulmonary resistance & overdistention -Decreased lung compliance & pul monary function -Pulmonary edema from fluid building up in lungs Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Causes - ANS--Mechanical ventilation -Oxygen for longer than 28 days -Less than 32 weeks gestation
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